在项目中经常会用到一些配置文件,在Windows下其后缀是.ini。例如：端口配置.ini配置文件由节、键、值组成。
节[section]键=值name=value
下面主要用C来实现在Linux下获取配置文件中键的值:
如配置文件为sysconfig，在Linux下一般配置文件放在对应的/etc目录下
//sysconfig文件信息
[Config1]PORT=8080#HOSTIP=192.168.1.1HOSTIP=192.168.1.2SENDIP=192.168.1.3 [Config2]PORT=5050#HOSTIP=192.168.1.1HOSTIP=192.122.16.19SENDIP=192.122.16.19[Config3]PORT=1666#HOSTIP=192.168.1.1HOSTIP=192.168.12.2SENDIP=192.168.12.3
//config.h
/************************************************************* FileName : config.h FileFunc : 定义头文件 Version : V0.1 Author : Sunrier Date : 2012-05-09 Descp : Linux下获取配置文件信息 *************************************************************/#ifndef _CONFIG_H#define _CONFIG_H#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C" {#endif#define SUCCESS 0x00 /*成功*/#define FAILURE 0x01 /*失败*/#define FILENAME_NOTEXIST 0x02 /*配置文件名不存在*/#define SECTIONNAME_NOTEXIST 0x03 /*节名不存在*/#define KEYNAME_NOTEXIST 0x04 /*键名不存在*/#define STRING_LENNOTEQUAL 0x05 /*两个字符串长度不同*/#define STRING_NOTEQUAL 0x06 /*两个字符串内容不相同*/#define STRING_EQUAL 0x00 /*两个字符串内容相同*/int CompareString(char *pInStr1,char *pInStr2);int GetKeyValue(FILE *fpConfig,char *pInKeyName,char *pOutKeyValue);int GetConfigIntValue(char *pInFileName,char *pInSectionName,char *pInKeyName,int *pOutKeyValue);int GetConfigStringValue(char *pInFileName,char *pInSectionName,char *pInKeyName,char *pOutKeyValue);#ifdef __cplusplus}#endif#endif
//config.c
/************************************************************* FileName : config.c FileFunc : 定义实现文件 Version : V0.1 Author : Sunrier Date : 2012-05-09 Descp : Linux下获取配置文件信息 *************************************************************/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include "config.h"int GetConfigStringValue(char *pInFileName,char *pInSectionName,char *pInKeyName,char *pOutKeyValue){FILE *fpConfig;char szBuffer[150];char *pStr1,*pStr2;int iRetCode = 0;/*test*//*printf("pInFileName: %s !\n",pInFileName);printf("pInSectionName: %s !\n",pInSectionName);printf("pInKeyName: %s !\n",pInKeyName);*/memset(szBuffer,0,sizeof(szBuffer));if( NULL==( fpConfig=fopen(pInFileName,"r") ) )return FILENAME_NOTEXIST;while( !feof(fpConfig) ){if( NULL==fgets(szBuffer,150,fpConfig) )break;pStr1 = szBuffer ;while( (' '==*pStr1) || ('\t'==*pStr1) )pStr1++;if( '['==*pStr1 ){pStr1++;while( (' '==*pStr1) || ('\t'==*pStr1) )pStr1++;pStr2 = pStr1;while( (']'!=*pStr1) && ('\0'!=*pStr1) )pStr1++;if( '\0'==*pStr1)continue;while( ' '==*(pStr1-1) )pStr1--;*pStr1 = '\0';iRetCode = CompareString(pStr2,pInSectionName);if( !iRetCode )/*检查节名*/{iRetCode = GetKeyValue(fpConfig,pInKeyName,pOutKeyValue);fclose(fpConfig);return iRetCode;}}}fclose(fpConfig);return SECTIONNAME_NOTEXIST;}/*区分大小写*/int CompareString(char *pInStr1,char *pInStr2){if( strlen(pInStr1)!=strlen(pInStr2) ){return STRING_LENNOTEQUAL;}/*while( toupper(*pInStr1)==toupper(*pInStr2) )*//*#include <ctype.h>*/while( *pInStr1==*pInStr2 ){if( '\0'==*pInStr1 )break;pInStr1++;pInStr2++;}if( '\0'==*pInStr1 )return STRING_EQUAL;return STRING_NOTEQUAL;}int GetKeyValue(FILE *fpConfig,char *pInKeyName,char *pOutKeyValue){char szBuffer[150];char *pStr1,*pStr2,*pStr3;unsigned int uiLen;int iRetCode = 0;memset(szBuffer,0,sizeof(szBuffer));while( !feof(fpConfig) ){if( NULL==fgets(szBuffer,150,fpConfig) )break;pStr1 = szBuffer;while( (' '==*pStr1) || ('\t'==*pStr1) )pStr1++;if( '#'==*pStr1 )continue;if( ('/'==*pStr1)&&('/'==*(pStr1+1)) )continue;if( ('\0'==*pStr1)||(0x0d==*pStr1)||(0x0a==*pStr1) )continue;if( '['==*pStr1 ){pStr2 = pStr1;while( (']'!=*pStr1)&&('\0'!=*pStr1) )pStr1++;if( ']'==*pStr1 )break;pStr1 = pStr2; }pStr2 = pStr1;while( ('='!=*pStr1)&&('\0'!=*pStr1) )pStr1++;if( '\0'==*pStr1 )continue;pStr3 = pStr1+1;if( pStr2==pStr1 )continue;*pStr1 = '\0';pStr1--;while( (' '==*pStr1)||('\t'==*pStr1) ){*pStr1 = '\0';pStr1--;}iRetCode = CompareString(pStr2,pInKeyName);if( !iRetCode )/*检查键名*/{pStr1 = pStr3;while( (' '==*pStr1)||('\t'==*pStr1) )pStr1++;pStr3 = pStr1;while( ('\0'!=*pStr1)&&(0x0d!=*pStr1)&&(0x0a!=*pStr1) ){if( ('/'==*pStr1)&&('/'==*(pStr1+1)) )break;pStr1++;}*pStr1 = '\0';uiLen = strlen(pStr3);memcpy(pOutKeyValue,pStr3,uiLen);*(pOutKeyValue+uiLen) = '\0'; return SUCCESS;}}return KEYNAME_NOTEXIST;}int GetConfigIntValue(char *pInFileName,char *pInSectionName,char *pInKeyName,int *pOutKeyValue){int iRetCode = 0;char szKeyValue[16],*pStr;memset(szKeyValue,0,sizeof(szKeyValue));iRetCode = GetConfigStringValue(pInFileName,pInSectionName,pInKeyName,szKeyValue);if( iRetCode )return iRetCode;pStr= szKeyValue;while( (' '==*pStr)||('\t'==*pStr))pStr++;if( ('0'==*pStr)&&( ('x'==*(pStr+1))||('X'==*(pStr+1)) ) )sscanf(pStr+2,"%x",pOutKeyValue);elsesscanf(pStr,"%d",pOutKeyValue);return SUCCESS;}
//测试实现功能test.c
/************************************************************* FileName : test.c FileFunc : 定义测试功能文件 Version : V0.1 Author : Sunrier Date : 2012-05-09 Descp : Linux下获取配置文件信息 *************************************************************/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include "config.h"int main (int argc,char *argv[]){char szFileName[100];/*配置文件名*/char szSectionName[100];/*节名*/char szKeyName[100];/*键名*/char szKeyValue[100];/*键值*/int iRetCode = 0;int iPort = -1;char szHostIp[30];memset(szFileName,0,sizeof(szFileName));sprintf(szFileName,"%s/etc/sysconfig",getenv("HOME"));memset(szSectionName,0,sizeof(szSectionName));memcpy(szSectionName,argv[1],sizeof(argv[1]));memset(szKeyName,0,sizeof(szKeyName));memcpy(szKeyName,argv[2],sizeof(argv[2]));memset(szKeyValue,0,sizeof(szKeyValue));memset(szHostIp,0,sizeof(szHostIp));iRetCode = GetConfigStringValue(szFileName,argv[1],argv[2],szHostIp);if( iRetCode ){printf("iRetCode : %d !\n",iRetCode );}else{printf("HOSTIP: %s\n",szHostIp);}iRetCode = GetConfigIntValue(szFileName,"Config1","PORT",&iPort);if( iRetCode ){printf("iRetCode : %d !\n",iRetCode );}else{printf("PORT: %d\n",iPort);}return 0;}
写一个makefile文件
//makefile
#makefile开始 all:Manager#定义宏OBJS = test.o config.o #which compilerCC = gcc#where are include files keptINCLUDE = .#Options -O for release and -g for development#-Wall:输出所有的警告信息#-O:在编译时进行优化#-g:表示编译debug版本CFLAGS = -g -Wall -ansi #CFLAGS = -O -Wall -ansi#前面加@不回显执行的命令在标准输出上Manager:$(OBJS)@$(CC) -o Manager $(OBJS)#gcc test.o config.o -o Managertest.o:test.c config.h@$(CC) -I$(INCLUDE) $(CFLAGS) -c test.c -o test.oconfig.o:config.c config.h@$(CC) -I$(INCLUDE) $(CFLAGS) -c config.c -o config.oclean :@rm -rf *.o#makefile结束
测试运行结果:
[Sunrier@localhost Sunrier]$ make[Sunrier@localhost Sunrier]$ ./Manager Config1 HOSTIPHOSTIP: 192.168.1.2PORT: 8080[Sunrier@localhost Sunrier]$
却又小到连一粒嫉妒的沙石也不能容纳
