详解SpringBoot注解读取配置文件的方式

一、@Value读取application.properties配置文件中的值

application.properties配置文件

fileName=configName

PropertiesConfig类文件

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Componentpublic class PropertiesConfig {  //通过@Value注解读取fileName的值  @Value("${fileName}")  private String fileName;  public String getFileName() {    return fileName;  }  public void setFileName(String fileName) {    this.fileName = fileName;  }}

测试

import com.model.PropertiesConfig;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTestpublic class PropertiesConfigTest {  @Autowired  private PropertiesConfig propertiesConfig;  @Test  public void test(){    System.out.println(propertiesConfig.getFileName());//结果输出：configName    assert "configName".equals(propertiesConfig.getFileName());  }}

二、@ConfigurationProperties读取多个application.properties配置文件中的值

application.properties文件

database.username=rootdatabase.password=root

DatabaseConfig类文件

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component@ConfigurationProperties("database")public class DatabaseConfig {  private String userName;  private String passWord;  public String getUserName() {    return userName;  }  public void setUserName(String userName) {    this.userName = userName;  }  public String getPassWord() {    return passWord;  }  public void setPassWord(String passWord) {    this.passWord = passWord;  }}

测试

import com.model.DatabaseConfig;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTestpublic class DatabaseConfigTest {  @Autowired  private DatabaseConfig databaseConfig;  @Test  public void test(){    System.out.println("username = " + databaseConfig.getUserName() +", password = "+databaseConfig.getPassWord());//结果输出：username = root, password = root    assert "root".equals(databaseConfig.getUserName());    assert "root".equals(databaseConfig.getPassWord());  }}

三、@PropertySource读取任意配置文件

新建property-source.properties配置文件

fileName=configNamedatabase.username=rootdatabase.password=root

PropertySourceConfig类文件

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:property-source.properties"})@ConfigurationProperties("database")public class PropertySourceConfig {  @Value("${fileName}")  private String fileName;  private String userName;  private String passWord;  public String getFileName() {    return fileName;  }  public void setFileName(String fileName) {    this.fileName = fileName;  }  public String getUserName() {    return userName;  }  public void setUserName(String userName) {    this.userName = userName;  }  public String getPassWord() {    return passWord;  }  public void setPassWord(String passWord) {    this.passWord = passWord;  }}

测试

import com.model.PropertySourceConfig;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTestpublic class PropertySourceConfigTest {  @Autowired  private PropertySourceConfig propertySourceConfig;  @Test  public void test(){    assert "configName".equals(propertySourceConfig.getFileName());    System.out.println("fileName = " + propertySourceConfig.getFileName());//结果输出：configName    assert "root".equals(propertySourceConfig.getUserName());    System.out.println(propertySourceConfig.getUserName());//结果输出：root    assert "root".equals(propertySourceConfig.getPassWord());    System.out.println(propertySourceConfig.getPassWord());//结果输出：root  }}

完整代码链接：read-config-file项目地址

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