WebAPI 用户认证防篡改实现(一)MD5签名获取

在开始前先说下防篡改机制的原理,如果已经接触过支付宝的可以跳过此部分

防篡改,顾名思义就是防止有人恶意篡改请求数据以达到恶意攻击的目的,那要怎么才能实现这样的目的呢?其实很简单,将要请求的数据加上合作号、合作Key按规则组织成一个字符串,获取对应的MD5摘要,然后将该摘要及合作号同时作为请求的一部分一起传递(合作Key禁止传递)

下面进行举例:

假定需要进行签名的参数如下(以json格式举例):

{‘partner’: ‘3122131212’,‘orderNo’:‘1234567’}

对数组里的每一个键按默认的字母正向排序,进行MD5加密,假定对应的key为bbb,则需要进行MD5摘要的字符串如下:

partner=3122131212&orderNo=1234567bbb

最终需要传递的请求数据格式如下(分别列举GET和POST方式,服务实际支持哪种方式以服务声明为准):

GET:partner=3122131212&orderNo=1234567&sign=EBFE84D02E8E40952899EE5CDFE5404C

POST:{‘partner’:‘3122131212’,‘orderNo’:‘1234567’ ,,‘sign:‘EBFE84D02E8E40952899EE5CDFE5404C’}

上例中partner为平台提供的合作号,key为合作密码,sign为签名,然后此处例子是将Get和Post区分开来的,实际获取MD5的代码会支持QueryString及Form同时存在的情况,且当两者同时存在时,组织字符串顺序为先QueryString后Form

以下是签名摘要生成代码

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Collections.Specialized;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.Text;public static class SecuritySignHelper{public const string Partner = "partner";public const string Sign = "sign";/// <summary>/// 获取防篡改签名,组织原始字符串的方式为:先get后post,该签名要求partner在加密时为全小写,同时该方法隐含要求parnter和sign必须通过QueryString方式传递/// </summary>/// <param name="getCollection">通过QueryString方式传递的键值集合,如果内部包含parnter或者sign,相关字段在组织原始字符串时将会被移除</param>/// <param name="partner">合作账号</param>/// <param name="partnerKey">合作Key</param>/// <param name="postCollection">通过Form方式传递的键值集合,如果包含parnter或者sign,此部分不会被做特殊处理</param>/// <returns></returns>public static string GetSecuritySign(this NameValueCollection getCollection, string partner, string partnerKey, NameValueCollection postCollection = null){if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(partner) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(partnerKey)){throw new ArgumentNullException();}var dic = SecuritySignHelper.GetSortedDictionary(getCollection,(k) =>{//过滤partner及signreturn string.Equals(k, SecuritySignHelper.Partner, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)|| string.Equals(k, SecuritySignHelper.Sign, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);});dic.Add(SecuritySignHelper.Partner, partner);StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder();SecuritySignHelper.FillStringBuilder(tmp, dic);//将QueryString填入StringBuilderdic = SecuritySignHelper.GetSortedDictionary(postCollection);SecuritySignHelper.FillStringBuilder(tmp, dic);//将Form填入StringBuildertmp.Append(partnerKey);//在尾部添加keytmp.Remove(0, 1);//移除第一个&return tmp.ToString().GetMD5_32();//获取32位长度的Md5摘要}private static SortedDictionary<string, string> GetSortedDictionary(NameValueCollection collection, Func<string, bool> filter = null){//获取排序的键值对SortedDictionary<string, string> dic = new SortedDictionary<string, string>();if (collection != null && collection.Count > 0){foreach (var k in collection.AllKeys){if (filter == null || !filter(k)){//如果没设置过滤条件或者无需过滤dic.Add(k, collection[k]);}}}return dic;}private static void FillStringBuilder(StringBuilder builder, SortedDictionary<string, string> dic){foreach (var kv in dic){builder.Append('&');builder.Append(kv.Key);builder.Append('=');builder.Append(kv.Value);}//按key顺序组织字符串}/// <summary>/// 获取32位长度的Md5摘要/// </summary>/// <param name="inputStr"></param>/// <param name="encoding"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static string GetMD5_32(this string inputStr, Encoding encoding = null){RefEncoding(ref encoding);byte[] data = GetMD5(inputStr, encoding);StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++){tmp.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));}return tmp.ToString();}private static byte[] GetMD5(string inputStr, Encoding encoding){using (MD5 md5Hash = MD5.Create()){return md5Hash.ComputeHash(encoding.GetBytes(inputStr));}}private static void RefEncoding(ref Encoding encoding){if (encoding == null){encoding = Encoding.Default;}}}使用例子

string partner = "zhangsan";string partnerKey = "bbb";NameValueCollection getCollection = new NameValueCollection();string md50 = getCollection.GetSecuritySign(partner, partnerKey);//不带任何参数的请求getCollection.Add("test", "123");string md51 = getCollection.GetSecuritySign(partner, partnerKey);//带一个参数的请求NameValueCollection postCollection = new NameValueCollection();postCollection.Add("Name", "张三");postCollection.Add("Address", "上海");string md52 = getCollection.GetSecuritySign(partner, partnerKey, postCollection);//同时存在QueryString及Form的请求

只是微笑地固执自己的坚持,

WebAPI 用户认证防篡改实现(一)MD5签名获取

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