安装好Linux裸机后（安装请参考： ），还需要在其上安装一些基础组件，一般是手动一个个安装，比较繁复也许会遗漏，下面整理了下，做成一个脚本，每次run下这个脚本就完成了基础组件的安装了，并且附带优化了Linux的内核参数。
1，先配置网络，check配置为最原始的状态[root@wgq_idc_web_1_50 ~]# more ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0TYPE=EthernetUUID=de8199bd-d18e-45d4-85a0-7cbeb1d693f2ONBOOT=noNM_CONTROLLED=yesBOOTPROTO=dhcpHWADDR=00:0C:29:BF:E2:AB[root@wgq_idc_web_1_50 ~]#手动配置网络服务：ifconfig eth0 1xx.2xx.1.50 netmask 255.255.255.0route add default gw 1xx.2xx.1.1service network restart
2，设置初始化域名[root@wgq-web-1-50 ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain[root@wgq-web-1-50 ~]#
3，编写初始化安装脚本[root@wgq_idc_web_1_50 ~]# vim init_app_shell.sh#!/bin/bash#IP GATEWAY parametersif [ $# != 3 ] then echo “USAGE: $0 IPADDR GATEWAY HostName” echo “eg: $0 1xx.2xx.1.12 1xx.2xx.1.1 wgq_idc_mon_1_12″exit 1fi
#hostname configuration,注意sed后面带变量的话，不能用’符号，因为会解析不了$3变量值。hostname $3sed -i “s/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=$3/g” /etc/sysconfig/network
#chkconfig yum install -y chkconfig
#stop serviceschkconfig –list |grep “:on” |awk ‘{print $1}’ > /tmp/allonservice.txtfor i in `cat /tmp/allonservice.txt` do chkconfig $i off done
for k in NetworkManager crond messagebus network rsyslog sshd do chkconfig $k on done
#network configurationgrep “DNS1” /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0if [ $? != 0 ]thencat <<EOF>> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0IPADDR=$1NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=$2DNS1=2xx.1xx.136.10EOFfi
sed -i ‘s/ONBOOT=no/ONBOOT=yes/g’ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0sed -i ‘s/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g’ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0service network restart
#set nameservercat <<EOF>> /etc/resolv.confnameserver $4EOF
#selinux disabledsed -i ‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g’ /etc/sysconfig/selinuxsed -i ‘s/id:5:initdefault:/id:3:initdefault:/g’ /etc/inittab
#kernel optimizationgrep “net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30” /etc/sysctl.confif [ $? != 0 ] thencat <<EOF>> /etc/sysctl.confnet.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1net.core.somaxconn = 262144net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30EOF
sed -i ‘s/net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0/#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0/g’ /etc/sysctl.confsed -i ‘s/net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0/#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0/g’ /etc/sysctl.confsed -i ‘s/net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0/#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0/g’ /etc/sysctl.conffi
sysctl -p
#epel yum source configurationif [ ! -d /soft ] then mkdir /softfi cd /soft rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm && rm -rf epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpmsed -i ‘s/#baseurl=/baseurl=/g’ /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.reposed -i ‘s/irrorlist=/#irrorlist=/g’ /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repoyum clean all yum makecache
#system basic lib package installyum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel.x86_64 cmake.x86_64 libaio.x86_64 bison.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 bind-utils wget curl curl-devel perl openssh-clients setuptool sysstat -y
# restart the linux server reboot
[root@wgq_idc_web_1_50 ~]#
4，，环境准备(1)，去下载epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm（对应CentOS下载相应的安装包），放到/soft/目录(2)，注意域名是初始化的，如果手动修改过了，建议改成原始的localhost.localdomain。
5，运行脚本开始初始化安装开始运行，4个参数，P1：虚拟机ip地址；P2sh init_app_shell.sh 1xx.2xx.1.50 1xx.2xx.1.1 wgq_idc_web_1_50 202.xxx.xxx.64
6，调试中一些报错信息记录(1)，yum install gcc*报错：PYCURL ERROR – “Couldn’t resolve host ‘mirrorlist.centos.org'”Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo:base需要添加路由route add default gw 192.168.180.255或者route add add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 1xx.2xx.1.1
(2)，yum安装报错 ：Error Downloading Packages: grep-2.6.3-6.el6.x86_64: failure: Packages/grep-2.6.3-6.el6.x86_64.rpm from base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.缺少dns，添加dns：[root@wgq_idc_squid_1_11 ~]# vim /etc/resolv.confnameserver 2xx.1xx.136.10重启服务ifconfig eth0 1xx.2xx.1.50 netmask 255.255.255.0route add default gw 1xx.2xx.1.1service network restart
(3)，Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo:base需要安装yum install chkconfigyum install greo -y
本文永久更新链接地址：
只有经历过地狱般的折磨，才有征服天堂的力量，只有流过血的手指，才能弹出世间的绝唱。
