RPM为Redhat Package Manager缩写，是一个为Redhat系列Linux生产软件包的小工厂。其产品是RPM包，包含一些归档文件和meta信息;这些meta信息用来记录如何安装和删除这些文件，一些帮助脚本，文件属性和描述行信息（如包依赖哪些包和被哪些包依赖）。整个RPM包的制作过程严格按照SPEC文件规范的执行，然后通过rpmbuild命令来解析SPEC文件生成对应的RPM包。
至于为什么要制作rpm包，大家都明白，方便部署，比起源码来，这个部署速度更快
下面让以nginx为例，做rpm包制作：
1、安装需要的工具：
yum install rpm-buildyum install rpmdevtools
2、生成spec文件：
rpmdev-newspec -o nginx-1.6.1.spec
修改为：# cat nginx-1.6.2.spec
Name: nginxVersion: 1.6.2Release: 1%{?dist}Summary: small and high performance HTTP and reverse proxy serverGroup: System Environment/stableLicense: el6URL: http://nginx.orgSource0: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gzSource1: nginx-serverSource2: nginx.confSource3: vhost.confBuildRoot: %{_topdir}/BUILDROOTBuildRequires: pcre-devel,zlib-devel,openssl,perl,perl(ExtUtils::Embed)Requires: gcc,gcc-c++,make,pcre,openssl,perl-ExtUtils-Embed%descriptionNginx [engine x] is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3proxy server written by Igor Sysoev.%prep%setup -q%build./configure --user=nobody --group=nobody --prefix=/data/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module#make %{?_smp_mflags}make%installmake install 此处有错，下面会提示#rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT#make install DESTDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{__install} -p -D %{SOURCE1} -m 0711 %{buildroot}/etc/init.d/nginx%{__install} -p -D %{SOURCE2} -m 0644 %{buildroot}/data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf%{__install} -p -D %{SOURCE3} -m 0644 %{buildroot}/data/nginx/conf/vhosts/vhost.conf%cleanrm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%postchkconfig --add nginxchkconfig --level 345 nginx onecho "ulimit -SHn 51200" >> /etc/rc.local%files%defattr(-,root,root,-)%doc%dir /usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/.packlist%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.bs%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.so%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/nginx.pm%dir /usr/local/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm%dir /etc/init.d/nginx/data/nginx%changelog
3?开始制作：
rpmbuild -bb nginx-1.6.2.spec
产生报错如下：
error: File /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
没有文件：将nginx源码包移至/root/rpmbuild/SOURCE/
mv nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
再次运行，仍然报错：
Processing files: nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64error: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.poderror: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/.packlisterror: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.bserror: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.soerror: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/nginx.pmerror: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/share/man/man3/nginx.3pmRPM build errors: File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/.packlist File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.bs File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.so File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/lib64/perl5/nginx.pm File not found: /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64/usr/local/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm
将配置文件中的下面几行禁掉，方可以通过
%dir /usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/.packlist%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.bs%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/auto/nginx/nginx.so%dir /usr/local/lib64/perl5/nginx.pm%dir /usr/local/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm
但是不带上这些文件，订制的包非常不正常，只有几十Ｋ 是非常不正常的。终于问题所在配置文件中make install 应该使用 make install DESTDIR=%{buildroot}
# rpmbuild -bb nginx-1.6.2.spec没有报错的情况下，你现在可以去/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64找到我们刚刚做好的rpm包了
检查包情况：
rpm2cpio nginx-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | cpio -id3814 blocks
安装测试：
补充说明：rpmbuild简单使用，（可用man rpmbuid 进行详细了解） -bl verify %files section from <specfile> *检查<specfile>文件的%files段 -ba build source and binary packages from <specfile> *建立源码和二进制包 -bb build binary package only from <specfile> *只建立二进制包 -bs build source package only from <specfile> *只建立源码包
linux rpmbuild，首发于运维者。
可偏偏。多么温柔，一出口便是相互指责和嘲讽。
