Linux系统的命令和常用术语，相信大家已经是按照惯性思维在使用了，而且大家也都知道这些命令和术语几乎都是以简短的缩写来呈现，其原因是什么呢？这些缩写的全称及其含义是什么呢？下面就给大家介绍下：
操作系统的构建有针对图形化界面和命令行这两类，前者的代表是Windows，使用鼠标作为主输入设备，所以是否使用缩写并不重要；后者的代表就是Linux，凡是要3个字母以上的单词，几乎都要缩写。例如 cd 命令是 Change Directory 的缩写。作为常用命令，如果使用它的全称 Change Directory，绝对是无聊和乏味的工作。
其实归纳起来，命令缩写最主要的就以下两类，当然还有些特例：1、最常见的缩写，取每个单词的首字母，如：还是以cd为例， cd = Change Directory2、对于目录，通常使用前几个字母作为缩写，例如：bin = BINaries
下面是详细的命令和术语缩写：bin = BINaries —–二进制/dev = DEVices —–设备/etc = ETCetera —–诸如此类/lib = LIBrary/proc = PROCesses/sbin = Superuser BINaries/tmp = TeMPorary/usr = Unix Shared Resources/var = VARiable ?FIFO = First In, First OutGRUB = GRand Unified BootloaderIFS = Internal Field SeperatorsLILO = LInux LOaderMySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query LanguagePHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext PreprocessorPS = Prompt StringPerl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language” = “Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying CircusTcl = Tool Command LanguageTk = ToolKitVT = Video TerminalYaST = Yet Another Setup Toolapache = “a patchy” serverapt = Advanced Packaging Toolar = archiveras = assemblerawk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan” 三个作者的姓的第一个字母bash = Bourne Again SHellbc = Basic (Better) Calculatorbg = BackGroundbiff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。cal = CALendarcat = CATenatecd = Change Directorychgrp = CHange GRouPchmod = CHange MODechown = CHange OWNerchsh = CHange SHellcmp = comparecobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecturecomm = commoncp = CoPycpio = CoPy In and Outcpp = C Pre Processorcron = Chronos 希腊文时间cups = Common Unix Printing Systemcvs = Current Version Systemdaemon = Disk And Execution MONitordc = Desk Calculatordd = Disk Dumpdf = Disk Freediff = DIFFerencedmesg = diagnostic messagedu = Disk Usageed = editoregrep = Extended GREPelf = Extensible Linking Formatelm = ELectronic Mailemacs = Editor MACroSeval = EVALuateex = EXtendedexec = EXECutefd = file descriptorsfg = ForeGroundfgrep = Fixed GREPfmt = formatfsck = File System ChecKfstab = FileSystem TABlefvwm = F*** Virtual Window Managergawk = GNU AWKgpg = GNU Privacy Guardgroff = GNU troffhal = Hardware Abstraction Layerjoe = Joe’s Own Editorksh = Korn SHelllame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoderlex = LEXical analyserlisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parenthesesln = LiNklpr = Line PRintls = listlsof = LiSt Open Filesm4 = Macro processor Version 4man = MANual pagesmawk = Mike Brennan’s AWKmc = Midnight Commandermkfs = MaKe FileSystemmknod = MaKe NODemotd = Message of The Daymozilla = MOsaic GodZILLamtab = Mount TABlemv = MoVenano = Nano’s ANOther editornawk = New AWKnl = Number of Linesnm = namesnohup = No HangUPnroff = New ROFFod = Octal Dumppasswd = PASSWorDpg = pagerpico = PIne’s message COmposition editorpine = “Program for Internet News & Email” = “Pine is not Elm”ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouperpirntcap = PRINTer CAPabilitypopd = POP Directorypr = preprintf = PRINT Formattedps = Processes Statuspty = pseudo ttypushd = PUSH Directorypwd = Print Working Directoryrc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shellrev = REVerserm = ReMovern = Read Newsroff = RunOFFrpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Managerrsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remoterxvt = ouR XVTseamoneky = 我sed = Stream EDitorseq = SEQuenceshar = SHell ARchiveslrn = S-Lang rnssh = Secure SHellssl = Secure Sockets Layerstty = Set TTYsu = Substitute Usersvn = SubVersioNtar = Tape ARchivetcsh = TENEX C shelltee = T (T形水管接口)telnet = TEminaL over Networktermcap = terminal capabilityterminfo = terminal informationtex = τ?χνη的缩写，希腊文arttr = traslatetroff = Typesetter new ROFFtsort = Topological SORTtty = TeleTypewritertwm = Tom’s Window Managertz = TimeZoneudev = Userspace DEVulimit = User’s LIMITumask = User’s MASKuniq = UNIQuevi = VIsual = Very Inconvenientvim = Vi IMprovedwall = write allwc = Word Countwine = WINE Is Not an Emulatorxargs = eXtended ARGumentsxdm = X Display Managerxlfd = X Logical Font Descriptionxmms = X Multimedia Systemxrdb = X Resources DataBasexwd = X Window Dumpyacc = yet another compiler compiler
