一、被监控机安装snmp
yum install snmp
二、被监控机的配置
vi/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
做以下更改：
1、找到com2secnotConfigUserdefaultpublic改为：com2secnotConfigUser192.168.1.1（改成监控服务器的ip）public
2、找到accessnotConfigGroup""anynoauthexactsystemviewnonenone改 为：accessnotConfigGroup""anynoauthexactallnonenone
3、找到#viewallincluded.180将前面的#注释去掉。
#以下为访问项目，如果想监控磁盘空间，load等需把注释去掉
#编译安装默认已去掉，自带安装的需手动把注释去掉
# Make sure mountd is running
proc mountd #去掉前面的"#"
# Make sure there are no more than 4 ntalkds running, but 0 is oktoo.
proc ntalkd 4
# Make sure at least one sendmail, but less than or equal to 10 arerunning.
proc sendmail 10 1
# Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs.
disk / 10000
# Check for loads:
load 12 14 14
三、重启snmpd服务
#/etc/init.d/snmpd restart或#killall -9 snmpd#/usr/local/sbin/snmpd
四、iptables规则
假如B机开启了iptables并且INPUT默认策略为DROP在第一条插入充许192.168.1.1(监控机)以udp协议访问snmpd默认161端口的规则
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p udp -m udp -s 192.168.1.1（监控机的IP） –dport 161 -jACCEPT
保存一下,防止重启服务后失效
/etc/init.d/iptablessave
五、测试snmp（可选）
在监控机上先看下系统信息#snmpwalk -v 2c -c privatepass 192.168.0.17（被监控机） system
SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux touareg 2.6.18-128.el5 #1 SMP WedJan 21 10:41:14 EST 2009 x86_64
SNMPv2-MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs.10
DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (59664) 0:09:56.64
SNMPv2-MIB::sysContact.0 = STRING: Root <root@localhost> (configure/etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: touareg
SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 = STRING: Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (7) 0:00:00.07
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.1 = OID: SNMPv2-MIB::snmpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.2 = OID: TCP-MIB::tcpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.3 = OID: IP-MIB::ip
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.4 = OID: UDP-MIB::udpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.5 = OID: SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmBasicGroup
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.6 = OID:SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB::snmpFrameworkMIBCompliance
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.7 = OID: SNMP-MPD-MIB::snmpMPDCompliance
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.8 = OID: SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB::usmMIBCompliance
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.1 = STRING: The MIB module for SNMPv2 entities
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.2 = STRING: The MIB module for managing TCPimplementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.3 = STRING: The MIB module for managing IP andICMP implementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.4 = STRING: The MIB module for managing UDPimplementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.5 = STRING: View-based Access Control Model forSNMP.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.6 = STRING: The SNMP Management Architecture MIB.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.7 = STRING: The MIB for Message Processing andDispatching.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.8 = STRING: The management information definitionsfor the SNMP User-based Security Model.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.1 = Timeticks: (6) 0:00:00.06
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.2 = Timeticks: (6) 0:00:00.06
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.3 = Timeticks: (6) 0:00:00.06
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.4 = Timeticks: (6) 0:00:00.06
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.5 = Timeticks: (6) 0:00:00.06
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.6 = Timeticks: (7) 0:00:00.07
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.7 = Timeticks: (7) 0:00:00.07
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.8 = Timeticks: (7) 0:00:00.07
没有问题，再看下磁盘信息#snmpwalk -v 2c -c privatepass 192.168.0.17 .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskIndex.1 = INTEGER: 1
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPath.1 = STRING: /
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskDevice.1 = STRING: /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskMinimum.1 = INTEGER: 10000
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskMinPercent.1 = INTEGER: -1
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskTotal.1 = INTEGER: 44628400
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskAvail.1 = INTEGER: 22383404
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskUsed.1 = INTEGER: 19941408
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPercent.1 = INTEGER: 47
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPercentNode.1 = INTEGER: 1
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskErrorFlag.1 = INTEGER: noError(0)
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskErrorMsg.1 = STRING:
出现下面这个信息，你需要检查下A机snmpd.conf中“disk / 10000”前的注释有无去掉。
UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskTable = No Such Object available on this agent at thisOID
".1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9"代表磁盘".1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10"代表load,可以参考snmpd.conf中的注释
六、添加被监控机器以显示图像
1、访问cacti
http://ip/cacti
2、增加监控设备
Console -> Devices->add在设置页面配置
Description:test232Hostname:218.241.223.232Host Template:ucd/net SNMP Host
Downed Device Detection: SNMP
SNMP Version:Version 1
保存后在页面左上角可以看到调试信息test232(211.241.223.232)SNMP InformationSystem:Linux touareg 2.6.18-128.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 21 10:41:14 EST 2009x86_64Uptime: 38790 (0 days, 0 hours, 6 minutes)Hostname:test232Location: Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)Contact: Root root@localhost (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
1) ucd/net – CPU Usage Not Being Graphed (cpu负载,system,user,nice)2) ucd/net – Load Average Not Being Graphed (系统平均负载,1分钟,5分钟,15分钟)3) ucd/net – Memory Usage Not Being Graphed (内存使用,free,buffers,cache)
1) SNMP – Interface Statistics (网卡流量,in,out)2) ucd/net – Get Monitored Partitions (根分区,free,used)
Not Being Graphed 表示还末生成图像,创建图像后会变成Is Being Graphed我们可以再添加一些更详细的监控Host MIB – Processes 监控进程数量Host MIB – Logged in Users 监控登录用户
SNMP – Get Mounted Partitions 更多分区大小,Memory Buffer,Real Memory,Swap SpaceSNMP – Get Processor Information 每个cpu的负载
3、临控对象增加图表
Console->New Graphs在host中选择test232
勾选后选择create,就完成了图表创建。
4、添加到Graph Trees
图表创建后在Graph Management里可以看到图表，但点击导航上方的"graphs"是看不到的，需要添加到graph trees中。Console -> Graph Trees -> (Edit) -> Graph Tree Items
Tree Item Type:host
Host:test232
创建后就可以在graph中看到了
人创造奇迹常常是在瞬间，
