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- [admin@server1~]$uname-aLinuxserver12.6.32-358.el6.x86_64#1SMPTueJan2911:47:41EST2013x86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linux
在使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示
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- [admin@server1~]$sudoyuminstallgccLoadedplugins:product-id,refresh-packagekit,security,subscription-managerThissystemisnotregisteredtoRedHatSubscriptionManagement.Youcanusesubscription-managertoregister.SettingupInstallProcessNopackagegccavailable.Error:Nothingtodo
[注]请以root身份操作
由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的，如果没有注册的话不能使用，如果要使用，需将redhat的yum卸载后，重启安装，再配置其他源解决办法：1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：
1> python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
2> yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
3> yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
4> yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
下载命令：
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- wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
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- wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
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- wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
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- wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
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- rpm-qa|grepyum|xargsrpm-e–nodeps
注：1> xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令，以避免参数列表过长的问题 2> –nodeps 强制卸载,不管依赖性3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
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- rpm-ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrpm-ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm-ivhyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
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- wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面是修改好的：
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- #CentOS-Base.repo##ThemirrorsystemusestheconnectingIPaddressoftheclientandthe#updatestatusofeachmirrortopickmirrorsthatareupdatedtoand#geographicallyclosetotheclient.YoushouldusethisforCentOSupdates#unlessyouaremanuallypickingothermirrors.##Ifthemirrorlist=doesnotworkforyou,asafallbackyoucantrythe#remarkedoutbaseurl=lineinstead.##[base]name=CentOS-6.5-Base-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=osgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#releasedupdates[updates]name=CentOS-6.5-Updates-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updatesgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatmaybeuseful[extras]name=CentOS-6.5-Extras-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extrasgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatextendfunctionalityofexistingpackages[centosplus]name=CentOS-6.5-Plus-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplusgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib-packagesbyCentosUsers[contrib]name=CentOS-6.5-Contrib-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contribgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存7、yum makecache 获取yum列表出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：Metadata Cache Created
脚本：
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- #!/bin/bashPATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/binexportPATH#Checkifuserisrootif[$(id-u)!="0"];thenecho"Error:Youmustberoottorunthisscript"exit1ficlearecho"========================================================================="echo"ReplaceRedhatEnterpriseYumtoCentOSYumandRepos,WrittenbyLicess"echo"========================================================================="#uninstallrhelyumecho"UninstallRhelYum……"rpm-qa|grepyum|xargsrpm-e–nodeps#deleteoldrpmecho"Cleanoldcache……"rm-rfpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrm-rfyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrm-rfyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmrm-rfyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm#downloadCentOSYumecho"DownloadPython-iniparse……"wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6….-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmecho"Downloadyum-metadata-parse……"wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6….2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmecho"Downloadyum……"wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6….6.centos.noarch.rpmecho"Downloadyumfastmirror……"wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6….0-14.el6.noarch.rpm#installCentOSYumecho"Installing……"rpm-ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrpm-ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm-ivhyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm#replacereposrm-rf/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repoecho"[base]name=CentOS-6.5-Base-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/x86_64/#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=osgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#releasedupdates[updates]name=CentOS-6.5-Updates-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/x86_64/#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updatesgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatmaybeuseful[extras]name=CentOS-6.5-Extras-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/x86_64/#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extrasgpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatextendfunctionalityofexistingpackages[centosplus]name=CentOS-6.5-Plus-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/x86_64/#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplusgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib-packagesbyCentosUsers[contrib]name=CentOS-6.5-Contrib-163.combaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/x86_64/#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contribgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6">>/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo#####yumcleanallyummakecacheyumupdateecho"=========================================================================="echo"YouhavesuccessfullyreplaceRedhatEnterpriseYumtoCentOSyumandrepos"echo"=========================================================================="
人若勇敢就是自己最好的朋友
