Linux帐号管理[中]

摘要：本文简要介绍了Linux帐号管理的用户管理。

Linux: Ubuntu10.0.4

1.系统管理员功能

1.1新建用户:useradd

Usage: useradd [options]

Options: -b, –base-dir BASE_DIR base directory for the home directory of the new account -c, –comment COMMENT GECOS field of the new account -d, –home-dir HOME_DIR home directory of the new account -D, –defaults print or change default useradd configuration -e, –expiredate EXPIRE_DATE expiration date of the new account -f, –inactive INACTIVE password inactivity period of the new account -g, –gid GROUP name or ID of the primary group of the new account -G, –groups GROUPS list of supplementary groups of the new account -h, –help display this help message and exit -k, –skel SKEL_DIR use this alternative skeleton directory -K, –key KEY=VALUE override /etc/login.defs defaults -l, –no-log-init do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases -m, –create-home create the user’s home directory -M, –no-create-home do not create the user’s home directory -N, –no-user-group do not create a group with the same name as the user -o, –non-unique allow to create users with duplicate (non-unique) UID -p, –password PASSWORD encrypted password of the new account -r, –system create a system account -s, –shell SHELL login shell of the new account -u, –uid UID user ID of the new account -U, –user-group create a group with the same name as the user -Z, –selinux-user SEUSER use a specific SEUSER for the SELinux user mapping

1.2修改用户：usermod

Usage: usermod [options]

Options: -c, –comment COMMENT new value of the GECOS field -d, –home HOME_DIR new home directory for the user account -e, –expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE -f, –inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration to INACTIVE -g, –gid GROUP force use GROUP as new primary group -G, –groups GROUPS new list of supplementary GROUPS -a, –append append the user to the supplemental GROUPS mentioned by the -G option without removing him/her from other groups -h, –help display this help message and exit -l, –login NEW_LOGIN new value of the login name -L, –lock lock the user account -m, –move-home move contents of the home directory to the new location (use only with -d) -o, –non-unique allow using duplicate (non-unique) UID -p, –password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new password -s, –shell SHELL new login shell for the user account -u, –uid UID new UID for the user account -U, –unlock unlock the user account -Z, –selinux-user new SELinux user mapping for the user account

1.3删除用户：userdel

Usage: userdel [options]

Options: -f, –force force removal of files, even if not owned by user -h, –help display this help message and exit -r, –remove remove home directory and mail spool

1.4设置密码：passwd

1.5详细密码设置：chage

Usage: chage [options] [LOGIN]

Options: -d, –lastday LAST_DAY set date of last password change to LAST_DAY -E, –expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE -h, –help display this help message and exit -I, –inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration to INACTIVE -l, –list show account aging information -m, –mindays MIN_DAYS set minimum number of days before password change to MIN_DAYS -M, –maxdays MAX_DAYS set maximim number of days before password change to MAX_DAYS -W, –warndays WARN_DAYS set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS

2.普通用户功能

2.1fingerLogin Name Tty Idle Login Time Office Office Phonefans fans tty7 6:22 Jun 21 09:40 (:0)fans fans pts/0 Jun 21 15:54 (:0.0)2.2chfn2.3chsh2.4iduid=1000(fans) gid=1000(fans) 组=4(adm),20(dialout),21(fax),24(cdrom),25(floppy),26(tape),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),104(fuse),105(lpadmin),119(admin),121(nopasswdlogin),122(sambashare),1000(fans)

我们大都接受的是正面的教育，