linux查看硬件信息及驱动设备相关整理(留存验证)

在LINUX环境开发驱动程序，首先要探测到新硬件，接下来就是开发驱动程序。常用命令整理如下：用硬件检测程序kuduz探测新硬件：service kudzu start ( or restart)查看CPU信息：cat /proc/cpuinfo查看板卡信息：cat /proc/pci查看PCI信息：lspci (相比cat /proc/pci更直观）查看内存信息：cat /proc/meminfo查看USB设备：cat /proc/bus/usb/devices查看键盘和鼠标:cat /proc/bus/input/devices查看系统硬盘信息和使用情况：fdisk & disk – l & df查看各设备的中断请求(IRQ):cat /proc/interrupts查看系统体系结构：uname -admidecode查看硬件信息，包括bios、cpu、内存等信息dmesg | more 查看硬件信息－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－我的FC5显示结果如下：查看键盘和鼠标[root@localhost input]# cat /proc/bus/input/devicesI: Bus=0011 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=ab41N: Name="AT Translated Set 2 keyboard"P: Phys=isa0060/serio0/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input0H: Handlers=kbd event0B: EV=120013B: KEY=4 2000000 3802078 f840d001 f2ffffdf ffefffff ffffffff fffffffeB: MSC=10B: LED=7I: Bus=0003 Vendor=06a2 Product=0001 Version=0100N: Name=" USB Mouse "P: Phys=usb-0000:00:03.2-2/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input2H: Handlers=mouse0 event1B: EV=7B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B: REL=103查看PCI设备：[root@localhost proc]# lspci00:00.0 Host bridge: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 651 Host00:01.0 PCI bridge: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] Virtual PCI-to-PCI bridge (AGP)00:02.0 ISA bridge: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS962 [MuTIOL Media IO](rev 04)00:02.1 SMBus: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS961/2 SMBus Controller00:02.5 IDE interface: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 5513 [IDE]00:02.7 Multimedia audio controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] Sound //集成声卡Controller (rev a0)00:03.0 USB Controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] USB 1.0 Controller (rev 0f)00:03.1 USB Controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] USB 1.0 Controller (rev 0f)00:03.2 USB Controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] USB 1.0 Controller (rev 0f)00:03.3 USB Controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] USB 2.0 Controller00:04.0 Ethernet controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS900 PCI Fast //集成网卡Ethernet (rev 90)01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 65x/M650/740PCI/AGP VGA Display Adapter //集成显卡

查看CPU信息：cat /proc/cpuinfoprocessor : 0vendor_id : GenuineIntel // Intelcpu family : 15model : 1model name : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1.70GHzstepping : 3cpu MHz : 1703.090cache size : 128 KBfdiv_bug : nohlt_bug : nof00f_bug : nocoma_bug : nofpu : yesfpu_exception : yescpuid level : 2wp : yesflags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov patpse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tmbogomips : 3411.63查看内存信息：cat meminfoMemTotal: 321104 kB // 256M+128MMemFree: 5212 kBBuffers: 10284 kBCached: 157304 kBSwapCached: 0 kBActive: 171456 kBInactive: 117120 kBHighTotal: 0 kBHighFree: 0 kBLowTotal: 321104 kBLowFree: 5212 kBSwapTotal: 522104 kBSwapFree: 522104 kBDirty: 116 kBWriteback: 0 kBMapped: 177868 kBSlab: 19224 kBCommitLimit: 682656 kBCommitted_AS: 412960 kBPageTables: 3736 kBVmallocTotal: 704504 kBVmallocUsed: 2776 kBVmallocChunk: 701540 kBHugePages_Total: 0HugePages_Free: 0Hugepagesize: 4096 kB查看USB设备：插上我的魅族：cat /proc/bus/usb/devicesT: Bus=04 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=480 MxCh= 6B: Alloc= 0/800 us ( 0%), #Int= 0, #Iso= 0D: Ver= 2.00 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=01 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1P: Vendor=0000 ProdID=0000 Rev= 2.06S: Manufacturer=Linux 2.6.15-1.2054_FC5 ehci_hcdS: Product=EHCI Host ControllerS: SerialNumber=0000:00:03.3C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=c0 MxPwr= 0mAI: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hubE: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 2 Ivl=256msT: Bus=04 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=03 Cnt=01 Dev#= 6 Spd=480 MxCh= 0D: Ver= 2.00 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1P: Vendor=0471 ProdID=0000 Rev= 0.01S: Manufacturer=MEIZU Co., Ltd //魅族MP3S: Product=Meizu E3 HSC:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=80 MxPwr=100mAI: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=08(stor.) Sub=06 Prot=50 Driver=usb-storageE: Ad=81(I) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 512 Ivl=0msE: Ad=01(O) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 512 Ivl=0msT: Bus=03 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=12 MxCh= 2B: Alloc= 14/900 us ( 2%), #Int= 1, #Iso= 0D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1P: Vendor=0000 ProdID=0000 Rev= 2.06S: Manufacturer=Linux 2.6.15-1.2054_FC5 ohci_hcdS: Product=OHCI Host ControllerS: SerialNumber=0000:00:03.2C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=c0 MxPwr= 0mAI: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hubE: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 2 Ivl=255msT: Bus=03 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=01 Cnt=01 Dev#= 3 Spd=1.5 MxCh= 0D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1P: Vendor=06a2 ProdID=0001 Rev= 1.00 //USB键盘S: Manufacturer=S: Product= USB MouseC:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=a0 MxPwr=100mAI: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=02 Driver=usbhidE: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl=10msT: Bus=02 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=12 MxCh= 2[root@localhost usb]#

在Linux中查看硬件信息的工具：

1、lspci 列出所有PCI 设备

lspci – list all PCI devices

2、dmesg

dmesg 是一个显示内核缓冲区系统控制信息的工具；比如系统在启动时的信息会写到/var/log/注：dmesg 工具并不是专门用来查看硬件芯片组标识的工具，但通过这个工具能让我们知道机器中的硬件的一些参数；因为系统在启动的时候，会写一些硬件相关的日志到 /var/log/message* 或 /var/log/boot* 文件中；如果我们用这个工具来查看一些硬件的信息；这个工具信息量太大，的确需要耐心；[root@localhost beinan]# dmesg[root@localhost beinan]# dmesg -c 注：清理掉缓冲区，下次开机的时候还会自动生成；

3、hwbrowser

hwbrowser 是 您当前硬件配置的图形化浏览器 ，这个工具是图形的。可能系统在默认的情况下没有安装。需要您安装才行。在Fedora 4.0 中，如果能用yum 或apt 应该是通过如下的命令来安装；[root@localhost beinan]# yum install hwbrowser或 [root@localhost beinan]# apt install hwbrowser [root@localhost beinan]# hwbrowser 当然您也可以通过rpmfind.net 或者freshrpms.net 上寻找rpm 包来安装[root@localhost beinan]# rpm -ivh hwbrowser*.rpm 我建议您最好是通过软件包更新工具yum 和apt来安装，这样能自动解决依赖关系；

4、lshal 和 hal-device-manager

通过 lshal 和hal-device-manager 也能知道硬件相关信息，不过这个工具对新手操作起来是有点麻烦，但我还是得介绍一下；[root@localhost beinan]# lshal hwbrowser 是 lshal 的图形化界；可能系统在默认的情况下没有安装，这个工具包是Fedora 扩展包，需要您安装才行。在Fedora 4.0 中，如果能用yum 或apt 应该是通过如下的命令来安装；[root@localhost beinan]# yum install hal-device-manager或 [root@localhost beinan]# apt install hal-device-manager[root@localhost beinan]# hal-device-manager当然您也可以通过rpmfind.net 或者freshrpms.net 上寻找rpm 包来安装[root@localhost beinan]# rpm -ivh hal-device-manager*.rpm

德高培身，财多伤身。