一、概述
1. Cacti 是用php 语言实现的一个软件，它的主要功能是用snmp 服务获取数据，
然后用rrdtool 储存和更新数据，当用户需要查看数据的时候用rrdtool 生成图表
呈现给用户。因此，snmp 和rrdtool 是cacti 的关键。snmp 关系着数据的收集，
rrdtool 关系着数据存储和图表的生成。
2. Mysql 配合PHP 程序存储一些变量数据并对变量数据进行调用，如：主机名、主
机ip、snmp 团体名、端口号、模板信息等变量。
3. snmp 抓到数据不是存储在mysql 中，而是存在rrdtool 生成的rrd 文件中（在
cacti 根目录的rra 文件夹下）。rrdtool 对数据的更新和存储就是对rrd 文件的处
理，rrd 文件是大小固定的档案文件（Round Robin Archive），它能够存储的数据笔数
在创建时就已经定义。
二、Cacti的架构及工作流程
1. Cacti 的架构
2. Cacti 的工作流程
安装需求：(cacti相关包下载地址：http://www.cacti.net/downloads/)
RRDTool 1.2.x 或者更高
MySQL 4.1.x or 5.x 或者更高
PHP 4.3.6 或者更高（推荐5.3以下，否则会报很多错误） php-mysql php-snmp
Web服务 例如：Apache 或者 IIS
net-snmp
php编译配置时需要添加下列模块：(可用php m查看这些模块是否安装)
mysql
snmp
xml
session
sockets
gd (安装一些插件时需要)
LDAP (当用LDAP认证时需要,非必须)
安装过程步骤：
1.安装必需组件
yum install y fontconfig* autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libart_lgpl* pango* libtool* ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel openssl openssl-devel perl* net-snmp*
2. 安装mysql
查看系统中是否已经安装了MySQL，如果是卸载所有以mysql 开头的包。
yum remove y mysql*
tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
useradd mysql
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cacti/mysql –enable-local-infile –with-charset=gbk
–with-low-memory –with-mysqld-user=mysql –enable-thread-safe-client
make make install
cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/cacti/mysql/
/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql
echo /usr/local/cacti/mysql/lib/mysql /etc/ld.so.conf
cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
ln -s /usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql
ldconfig -v | grep mysql
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig –add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
3.安装Apache
tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.15
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cacti/apache –enable-so –enable-rewrite –enable-ssl –with-ssl=/usr/bin/openssl –with-zlib –enable-mods-shared=all –enable-track-vars –with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql
make make install
/usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apachectl start
ln -s /usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
vi /etc/init.d/httpd //添加如下两行
#description:http server
#chkconfig: 2345 83 17
chkconfig –add httpd
chkconfig httpd on
添加php支持
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/conf/httpd.conf
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
IfModule dir_module
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
/IfModule
4.安装php
tar -zxvf php-5.2.8tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/php-5.2.8
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cacti/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/cacti/php
–with-apxs2=/usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apxs –with-zlib –with-bz2 –with-freetype-dir –enable-mbstring –with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql –with-mysqli=/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-gd –with-libxml-dir –with-png-dir –with-jpeg-dir –enable-sockets –with-snmp
make make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/cacti/php/php.ini
ln -s /usr/local/cacti/php/bin/php /usr/bin
vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/index.php
?
phpinfo();
?
5.安装rrdtool
yum install y intltool //先更新intltool
tar -zxvf rrdtool-1.3.9.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.3.9
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool
make make install
6.安装spine
tar -zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.7e.tar.gz
cd cacti-spine-0.8.7e
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cacti/spine –with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql
make make install
cat /usr/local/cacti/spine/etc/spine.conf
DB_Host localhost
DB_Database cacti
DB_User cactiuser
DB_Pass cactiuser
DB_Port 3306
7.安装cacti并创建cacti数据库
tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz
mv cacti-0.8.7e /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti
chown R root:root /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti
cat /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = mysql
$database_default = cacti
$database_hostname = localhost
$database_username = cactiuser
$database_password = cactiuser
$database_port = 3306
cat /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$database_type = mysql
$database_default = cacti
$database_hostname = localhost
$database_username = cactiuser
$database_password = cactiuser
$database_port = 3306
useradd cactiuser
/usr/local/bin/mysql
mysql create database cacti;
mysql grant all privileges on cacti.* to cactiuser@localhost identified by cactiuser
mysql flush privileges;
mysql cacti /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/cacti.sql //导入数据库
8.定时执行
crontab -e
*/5 * * * * php /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php /dev/null 2 1
9.在浏览器中输入http://serverIP/cacti 安装配置cacti
设置完后用http://serverIP/cacti/登录,默认用户名和密码都是admin,第一次登录要求强制修改密码
安装后的Settings设置,需要注意net-snmp,roodtool的版本号.spine路径,poller type,如下:
以下是一些插件的安装，用于扩展功能
10.安装Plugin Architecture
unzip cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.zip
/usr/local/bin/mysql cacti pa.sql
cp cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.diff /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/
cd /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/
patch -p1 -N cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.diff
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$config[‘url_path’]=’/’;改成
$config[‘url_path’]=’/cacti/’;
User Management– admin– 选中Plugin Management 保存
刷新页面，左侧configuratin的Settings下面会显示Plugin Managemnet
11.settings插件的安装
tar -zxvf settings-0.5.tgz
mv settings-0.5 /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/settings
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[] = ‘settings’;
$plugins[] = ‘weathermap’;
$plugins[] = ‘monitor’;
$plugins[] = ‘thold’;
$plugins[] = ‘ntop’;
$plugins[] = ‘syslog’;
$plugins[] = ‘discovery’;
点击左侧— Plugin Management– 在新打开的窗口中会显示刚安装的settings插件，如图:
必须Install再Enable才能使用
13.weathermap插件的安装
unzip php-weathermap-0.97.zip
mv weathermap/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’weathermap’;
cd /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap
chown cactiuser output
cp editor-config.php-dist editor-config.php
ps -aux | grep httpd
chown daemon configs/
chmod u+w configs/
vi editor-config.php
$cacti_base = /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti
$cacti_url = http://192.168.0.161/cacti/
$mapdir= $cacti_base.’/plugins/weathermap/configs’;
$ignore_cacti = FALSE;
将editor.php中的ENABLED=false改为true，否则weathermap点击Editor时会报错
vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap/editor.php
//$ENABLED=false; 将false改为true
$ENABLED=true;
14.monitor的安装
tar -zxvf monitor-latest.tgz
mv monitor-0.9/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/monitor
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’monitor’;添加
15.thold的安装
tar -zxvf thold-latest.tgz
mv thold-0.41/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/thold
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’thold’;添加
在Plugin Managment中，将刚安装的monitor,thold Install– Enable 就可以看到monitor thold的标签了
16. notp的安装
安装ntop之前要安装libpcap和rrdttool
tar -zxvf libpcap-1.1.1.tar.gz
cd libpcap-1.1.1
./configure
make make install
tar -zxvf ntop-3.3.tar.gz
cd ntop-3.3
./autogen.sh –with-rrd-home=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool –disable-snmp
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/ntop –with-rrd-home=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool –disable-snmp
make make install
cp packages/RedHat/ntop.conf.sample /etc/ntop.conf
配置ntop
groupadd ntop
useradd ntop -g ntop
mkdir /var/log/ntop
chown -R ntop.ntop /usr/local/share/ntop
chown -R ntop.ntop /var/log/ntop
mkdir /usr/local/var/ntop/rrd
chmod -R 777 /usr/local/var/ntop/rrd/
ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4 /lib64/libpcap.so.1
ldconfig
/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -A
###########################################################################################
/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop: error while loading shared libraries: libpcap.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
ldd /usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop
libpcap.so.1 = not found
libpcap.so.1 = not found
find / -name libpcap.so*
# find / -name libpcap.so*
/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so.1.1.1
/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so.1
/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so
/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so.1.1.1
/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so.1
/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so
/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4
/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0
/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9
ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4 /lib64/libpcap.so.1
ldconfig
###########################################################################################
/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -P /var/log/ntop -u nobody //启动服务(测试不成功)
/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -p /var/log/ntop //这样是成功的
设置开机自动启动：
echo /usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -p /var/log/ntop 2 1 1 /dev/null /etc/rc.local
配置完成.
IP输入: http://192.168.0.200:3000 就OK 了.
tar -zxvf ntop-0.1.tar.gz
mv ntop /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/ntop
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’ntop’;添加
User Management– admin– View NTop
17.syslog安装，可以做为日志服务器
tar -zxvf syslog-0.5.2.tar.gz
mv syslog /usr/local/cacti/ap
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’syslog’;添加
vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/syslog/config.php
$syslogdb_type = ‘mysql’;
$syslogdb_default = ‘syslog’;
$syslogdb_hostname = ‘localhost
$syslogdb_username = ‘cactiuser’;
$syslogdb_password = ‘cactiuser’;
//建立syslog数据库及用syslog.sql建表等
/usr/local/bin/mysql
mysql create database syslog;
mysql quit;
/usr/local/bin/
mysql grant all privileges on syslog.* to cactiuser@localhost identified by cactiuser
mysql flush privileges;
mysql exit;
service syslog stop
安装rpm -ivh syslog
vi /etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf
# 在文件末尾添加如下内容
source net {
udp();
};
destionation d_mysql{
pipe( /tmp/mysql.pipe )
template( INSERT INTO
‘$FACILITY’, ‘$PRIORITY’, ‘$YEAR-$MONTH-$DAY’, ‘$HOUR:$MIN:$SEC’, ‘$MSG’ );\n ) template-escape(yes)
);
};
log { source(net); destination(d_mysql); }
log { source(s_sys); destination(d_mysql); }
shell配置
vim /sbin/syslogtomysql
#!/bin/bash
if [ ! -e /tmp/mysql.pipe];then
mkfifo /tmp/mysql.pipe
fi
while[-e /tmp/mysql.pipe]
do
mysql u cactiuser password=cactiuser syslog /tmp/mysql.pipe
done
chmod 755 /sbin/syslogtomysql
echo /sbin/syslogtomysql /etc/rc.local
/sbin/syslogtomysql
service syslog-ng restart
service mysqld restart
chkconfig syslog off
chkconfig –del syslog
chkconfig syslon-ng on
chkconfig –add syslog-n
点击syslog标签会有php的警告信息，经查找，是syslog.php中timespan_settings.php的路径不对，怀疑是版本问题导致
vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/syslog/syslog.php
include($syslog_config[ graphtime ] ? ./lib/timespan_settings.php
plugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_settings.php //改为上面的路/*include($syslog_config[ graphtime ] ? ./include/html/inc_timespan_settings.
plugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_settings.php */
18.discovery的安装
tar -zxvf discovery-0.8.5.tar.gz
mv discovery /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/discovery
vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加
$plugins[]=’discovery’;添加
全部安装完后效果图:
离开之后，我想你不要忘记一件事：不要忘记想念我。
