采用队列实现，BFS，功能：BFS层次遍历打印、按照节点将BFS序列化成一个字符。
#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <queue>using namespace std;struct TreeNode{ int val; TreeNode* left; TreeNode* right; TreeNode(int val) : val(val), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}};//迭代打印层次遍历void BFSTraverse(TreeNode* root){ queue<TreeNode*> nodeQueue; nodeQueue.push(root);//先把第一个先放到列表里面 while (!nodeQueue.empty()) { int sz = nodeQueue.size();//这个是为了一层一层的数值进行处理 for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) { //那就取出那个节点进行处理 TreeNode* node = nodeQueue.front(); cout << node->val << ", "; nodeQueue.pop(); if (node->left) { nodeQueue.push(node->left); } if (node->right) { nodeQueue.push(node->right); } } }}//按照节点进行序列化成一个字符串string serialByBFS(TreeNode* root){ if (root == nullptr) return "#!"; queue<TreeNode*> nodeQueue; nodeQueue.push(root); string res; while (!nodeQueue.empty()) { int sz = nodeQueue.size(); for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) { TreeNode* node = nodeQueue.front(); nodeQueue.pop(); if (node) { res = res + std::to_string(node->val) + '!'; nodeQueue.push(node->left); nodeQueue.push(node->right); } else { res = res + "#!"; } } } return res;}int main3(){ TreeNode* head = new TreeNode(5); head->left = new TreeNode(3); head->right = new TreeNode(8); head->left->left = new TreeNode(1); head->left->right = new TreeNode(2); head->right->left = new TreeNode(4); head->right->right = new TreeNode(5); head->right->left->left = new TreeNode(6); head->right->right->left = new TreeNode(9); head->right->right->right = new TreeNode(11); cout << "traverse1:"; BFSTraverse(head); cout << "\nserial binary:"; string res = serialByBFS(head); cout << res << endl; return 0;}
ps：下面看下C++层次遍历
/** description:层次遍历* writeby: nick* date: 2012-10-22 23:56*/#include <iostream>#include <queue>using namespace std;struct node{ int item; node *l, *r; node(int n) { item=n; l=0; r=0; }};typedef node *link;void traverse(link h, void visit(link)){ queue<link> q; q.push(h); while(!q.empty()) { h = q.front(); q.pop(); visit(h); if(h->l != 0) q.push(h->l); if(h->r !=0) q.push(h->r); }}void visit(link p){ cout << p->item << " ";}int main(){ link root = new node(4); root->l = new node(5); root->r = new node(6); root->l->l = new node(7); root->l->r = new node(8); cout << "中文"; traverse(root, visit); return 0;}
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忘掉失败，不过要牢记失败中的教训。
