Java中join方法介绍与用法

方法Join 是干啥用的? 简单回答,同步,如何同步? 怎么实现的? 下面将逐个回答。 自从接触Java 多线程,一直对Join 理解不了。JDK 是这样说的:join public final void join (long millis )throws InterruptedException Waits at most millis milliseconds for this thread to die. A timeout of 0 means to wait forever. 大家能理解吗? 字面意思是等待一段时间直到这个线程死亡,我的疑问是那个线程,是它本身的线程还是调用它的线程的,上代码: package concurrentstudy; /** * * @author vma */ public class JoinTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t = new Thread( new RunnableImpl()); t.start(); try { t.join(1000) ; // 主线程只等1 秒,不管子线程什么时候结束 System.out.println(“joinFinish”); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } class RunnableImpl implements Runnable { @Override public void run() { try { System.out.println(“Begin sleep”); Thread.sleep(1000); System.out.println(“End sleep”); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

结果是: Begin sleep End sleep joinFinish 明白了吧, 当main 线程调用t.join 时,main 线程等待t 线程 ,等待时间是1000 ,如果t 线程Sleep 2000 呢 public void run() { try { System.out.println(“Begin sleep”); // Thread.sleep(1000); Thread.sleep(2000) ; System.out.println(“End sleep”); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }结果是: Begin sleep joinFinish End sleep 也就是说 main 线程只等1000 毫秒,不管T 什么时候结束 ,如果是t.join() 呢, 看代码: public final void join() throws InterruptedException { join(0); } 就是说如果是t.join() = t.join(0)  JDK 这样说的 A timeout of 0 means to wait forever 字面意思是永远等待,是这样吗? 其实是等到t 结束后。 这个是怎么实现的吗? 看JDK 代码: /** * Waits at most <code>millis</code> milliseconds for this thread to * die. A timeout of <code>0</code> means to wait forever. * * @param millis the time to wait in milliseconds. * @exception InterruptedException if any thread has interrupted * the current thread. The <i>interrupted status</i> of the * current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown. */ public final synchronized void join( long millis) throws InterruptedException { long base = System.currentTimeMillis(); long now = 0; if (millis < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(“timeout value is negative”); } if (millis == 0) { while (isAlive()) { wait(0); } } else { while (isAlive()) { long delay = millis – now; if (delay <= 0) { break ; } wait(delay); now = System.currentTimeMillis() – base; } } }

其实Join 方法实现是通过wait (小提示:Object 提供的方法)。 当main 线程调用t.join 时候,main 线程会获得线程对象t 的锁 (wait 意味着拿到该对象的锁), 调用该对象的wait( 等待时间) ,直到该对象唤醒main 线程,比如退出后。 这就意味着main 线程调用t.join 时,必须能够拿到线程t 对象的锁 ,如果拿不到它是无法wait 的,刚开的例子t.join(1000) 不是说明了main 线程等待1 秒,如果在它等待之前,其他线程获取了t 对象的锁,它等待时间可不就是1 毫秒了。上代码介绍: /* * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */ package concurrentstudy; /** * * @author vma */ public class JoinTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t = new Thread( new RunnableImpl()); new ThreadTest(t).start();// 这个线程会持有锁 t.start(); try { t.join(); System.out.println(“joinFinish”); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } class ThreadTest extends Thread { Thread thread; public ThreadTest(Thread thread) { this .thread = thread; } @Override public void run() { holdThreadLock(); } public void holdThreadLock() { synchronized (thread) { System.out.println(“getObjectLock”); try { Thread.sleep(9000); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(“ReleaseObjectLock”); } } } class RunnableImpl implements Runnable { @Override public void run() { try { System.out.println(“Begin sleep”); Thread.sleep(2000); System.out.println(“End sleep”); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 在main 方法中 通过new ThreadTest(t).start(); 实例化ThreadTest 线程对象, 它在 holdThreadLock() 方法中,通过 synchronized (thread) ,获取线程对象t 的锁,并Sleep (9000 )后释放,这就意味着,即使 main 方法t.join(1000), 等待一秒钟,它必须等待 ThreadTest 线程释放t 锁后才能进入wait 方法中,它实际等待时间是9000+1000 MS运行结果是: getObjectLock Begin sleep End sleep ReleaseObjectLock joinFinish

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Java中join方法介绍与用法

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