目录需求背景websocket协议stomp协议
需求背景
闲话不扯，直奔主题。需要和web前端建立长链接，互相实时通讯，因此想到了websocket，后面随着需求的变更，需要用户订阅主题，实现消息的精准推送，发布订阅等，则想到了STOMP(Simple Text-Orientated Messaging Protocol) 面向消息的简单文本协议。
websocket协议
想到了之前写的一个websocket长链接的demo，也贴上代码供大家参考。
pom文件直接引入spring-boot-starter-websocket即可。
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> </dependency>
声明websocket endpoint
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;/** * @ClassName WebSocketConfig * @Author scott * @Date 2021/6/16 * @Version V1.0 **/@Configurationpublic class WebSocketConfig { /** * 注入一个ServerEndpointExporter,该Bean会自动注册使用@ServerEndpoint注解申明的websocket endpoint */ @Bean public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() { return new ServerEndpointExporter(); }}
websocket实现类，其中通过注解监听了各种事件，实现了推送消息等相关逻辑
import com.google.common.cache.Cache;import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.AjaxResult;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.websocket.*;import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;import java.util.Objects;import java.util.Set;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;/** * @ClassName: DataTypePushWebSocket * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/16**/@ServerEndpoint(value = "/ws/dataType/push/{token}")@Componentpublic class DataTypePushWebSocket { private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataTypePushWebSocket.class); /** * 记录当前在线连接数 */ private static AtomicInteger onlineCount = new AtomicInteger(0); private static Cache<String, Session> SESSION_CACHE = CacheBuilder.newBuilder() .initialCapacity(10) .maximumSize(300) .expireAfterWrite(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES) .build(); /** * 连接建立成功调用的方法 */ @OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("token")String token) { String sessionId = session.getId(); onlineCount.incrementAndGet(); // 在线数加1 this.sendMessage("sessionId:" + sessionId +",已经和server建立连接", session); SESSION_CACHE.put(sessionId,session); log.info("有新连接加入：{}，当前在线连接数为：{}", session.getId(), onlineCount.get()); } /** * 连接关闭调用的方法 */ @OnClose public void onClose(Session session,@PathParam("token")String token) { onlineCount.decrementAndGet(); // 在线数减1 SESSION_CACHE.invalidate(session.getId()); log.info("有一连接关闭：{}，当前在线连接数为：{}", session.getId(), onlineCount.get()); } /** * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法 * * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息 */ @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session,@PathParam("token")String token) { log.info("服务端收到客户端[{}]的消息:{}", session.getId(), message); this.sendMessage("服务端已收到推送消息:" + message, session); } @OnError public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) { log.error("发生错误"); error.printStackTrace(); } /** * 服务端发送消息给客户端 */ private static void sendMessage(String message, Session toSession) { try { log.info("服务端给客户端[{}]发送消息{}", toSession.getId(), message); toSession.getBasicRemote().sendText(message); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("服务端发送消息给客户端失败：{}", e); } } public static AjaxResult sendMessage(String message, String sessionId){ Session session = SESSION_CACHE.getIfPresent(sessionId); if(Objects.isNull(session)){ return AjaxResult.error("token已失效"); } sendMessage(message,session); return AjaxResult.success(); } public static AjaxResult sendBroadcast(String message){ long size = SESSION_CACHE.size(); if(size <=0){ return AjaxResult.error("当前没有在线客户端，无法推送消息"); } ConcurrentMap<String, Session> sessionConcurrentMap = SESSION_CACHE.asMap(); Set<String> keys = sessionConcurrentMap.keySet(); for (String key : keys) { Session session = SESSION_CACHE.getIfPresent(key); DataTypePushWebSocket.sendMessage(message,session); } return AjaxResult.success(); }}
至此websocket服务端代码已经完成。
stomp协议
前端代码.这个是在某个vue工程中写的js，各位大佬自己动手改改即可。其中Settings.wsPath是后端定义的ws地址例如ws://localhost:9003/ws
import Stomp from 'stompjs'import Settings from '@/settings.js'export default { // 是否启用日志 默认启用 debug:true, // 客户端连接信息 stompClient:{}, // 初始化 init(callBack){ this.stompClient = Stomp.client(Settings.wsPath) this.stompClient.hasDebug = this.debug this.stompClient.connect({},suce =>{ this.console("连接成功,信息如下 ↓") this.console(this.stompClient) if(callBack){ callBack() } },err => { if(err) { this.console("连接失败,信息如下 ↓") this.console(err) } }) }, // 订阅 sub(address,callBack){ if(!this.stompClient.connected){ this.console("没有连接,无法订阅") return } // 生成 id let timestamp= new Date().getTime() + address this.console("订阅成功 -> "+address) this.stompClient.subscribe(address,message => { this.console(address+" 订阅消息通知,信息如下 ↓") this.console(message) let data = message.body callBack(data) },{ id: timestamp }) }, unSub(address){ if(!this.stompClient.connected){ this.console("没有连接,无法取消订阅 -> "+address) return } let id = "" for(let item in this.stompClient.subscriptions){ if(item.endsWith(address)){ id = item break } } this.stompClient.unsubscribe(id) this.console("取消订阅成功 -> id:"+ id + " address:"+address) }, // 断开连接 disconnect(callBack){ if(!this.stompClient.connected){ this.console("没有连接,无法断开连接") return } this.stompClient.disconnect(() =>{ console.log("断开成功") if(callBack){ callBack() } }) }, // 单位 秒 reconnect(time){ setInterval(() =>{ if(!this.stompClient.connected){ this.console("重新连接中...") this.init() } },time * 1000) }, console(msg){ if(this.debug){ console.log(msg) } }, // 向订阅发送消息 send(address,msg) { this.stompClient.send(address,{},msg) }}
后端stomp config,里面都有注释，写的很详细,并且我加入了和前端的心跳ping pong。
package com.cn.scott.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;/** * @ClassName: WebSocketStompConfig * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/7/8**/@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketStompConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer { private static long HEART_BEAT=10000; @Override public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) { //允许使用socketJs方式访问，访问点为webSocket，允许跨域 //在网页上我们就可以通过这个链接 //ws://127.0.0.1:port/ws来和服务器的WebSocket连接 registry.addEndpoint("/ws").setAllowedOrigins("*"); } @Override public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) { ThreadPoolTaskScheduler te = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); te.setPoolSize(1); te.setThreadNamePrefix("wss-heartbeat-thread-"); te.initialize(); //基于内存的STOMP消息代理来代替mq的消息代理 //订阅Broker名称,/user代表点对点即发指定用户，/topic代表发布广播即群发 //setHeartbeatValue 设置心跳及心跳时间 registry.enableSimpleBroker("/user", "/topic").setHeartbeatValue(new long[]{HEART_BEAT,HEART_BEAT}).setTaskScheduler(te); //点对点使用的订阅前缀，不设置的话，默认也是/user/ registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/"); }}
后端stomp协议接受、订阅等动作通知
package com.cn.scott.ws;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.DestinationVariable;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.annotation.SubscribeMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/** * @ClassName StompSocketHandler * @Author scott * @Date 2021/6/30 * @Version V1.0 **/@RestControllerpublic class StompSocketHandler { @Autowired private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate; /** * @MethodName: subscribeMapping * @Description: 订阅成功通知 * @Param: [id] * @Return: void * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/30 **/ @SubscribeMapping("/user/{id}/listener") public void subscribeMapping(@DestinationVariable("id") final long id) { System.out.println(">>>>>>用户:"+id +",已订阅"); SubscribeMsg param = new SubscribeMsg(id,String.format("用户【%s】已订阅成功", id)); sendToUser(param); } /** * @MethodName: test * @Description: 接收订阅topic消息 * @Param: [id, msg] * @Return: void * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/30 **/ @MessageMapping(value = "/user/{id}/listener") public void UserSubListener(@DestinationVariable long id, String msg) { System.out.println("收到客户端:" +id+",的消息"); SubscribeMsg param = new SubscribeMsg(id,String.format("已收到用户【%s】发送消息【%s】", id,msg)); sendToUser(param); } @GetMapping("/refresh/{userId}") public void refresh(@PathVariable Long userId, String msg) { StompSocketHandler.SubscribeMsg param = new StompSocketHandler.SubscribeMsg(userId,String.format("服务端向用户【%s】发送消息【%s】", userId,msg)); sendToUser(param); } /** * @MethodName: sendToUser * @Description: 推送消息给订阅用户 * @Param: [userId] * @Return: void * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/30 **/ public void sendToUser(SubscribeMsg screenChangeMsg){ //这里可以控制权限等。。。 simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(screenChangeMsg.getUserId().toString(),"/listener", JSON.toJSONString(screenChangeMsg)); } /** * @MethodName: sendBroadCast * @Description: 发送广播，需要用户事先订阅广播 * @Param: [topic, msg] * @Return: void * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/30 **/ public void sendBroadCast(String topic,String msg){ simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(topic,msg); } /** * @ClassName: SubMsg * @Author: scott * @Date: 2021/6/30 **/ public static class SubscribeMsg { private Long userId; private String msg; public SubscribeMsg(Long UserId, String msg){ this.userId = UserId; this.msg = msg; } public Long getUserId() { return userId; } public String getMsg() { return msg; } }}
连接展示
建立连接成功，这里可以看出是基于websocket协议
连接信息
ping pong
调用接口向订阅用户1发送消息,http://localhost:9003/refresh/1?msg=HelloStomp,可以在客户端控制台查看已经收到了消息。这个时候不同用户通过自己的userId可以区分订阅的主题，可以做到通过userId精准的往客户端推送消息。
还记得我们在后端配置的时候还指定了广播的订阅主题/topic，这时我们前端通过js只要订阅了这个主题，那么后端在像这个主题推送消息时，所有订阅的客户端都能收到，感兴趣的小伙伴可以自己试试，api我都写好了。
至此，实战完毕，喜欢的小伙伴麻烦关注加点赞。
springboot + stomp后端源码地址:https://gitee.com/ErGouGeSiBaKe/stomp-server
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