目录一、效果图二、设计步骤1.素材准备2.预备知识及其运用3.大体流程三、源码1.游戏类2.地面类3.小鸟类4.柱子类
一、效果图
二、设计步骤
1.素材准备
相关的素材我放到了github仓库。
github地址https://github.com/ORikkaO/BirdGame
2.预备知识及其运用
1.面向对象的封装：设计包装出小鸟、地面、柱子、游戏四个类。2.swing和awt包：图形界面工具，绘制出游戏场景。3.Math类：运用atan等方法辅助完成小鸟旋转角度转换。4.事件监听器：运用鼠标监听器完成游戏状态转换及小鸟移动。5.多线程：该项目就用到了一个sleep休眠。
相关的知识用到的不多，一边做一边学习(熟悉)运用就好。
3.大体流程
1.绘制面板，放入背景图。2.设计地面、柱子类完成移动的效果(移动方法实现)。3.设计小鸟，完成飞行轨迹、与柱子是否碰撞的方法等。4.设计游戏类，完成游戏类界面的绘制。5.设计游戏开始的方法与流程。6.增加鼠标监听器完成对小鸟飞行及游戏运行的控制。
三、源码
1.游戏类
package game;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import java.util.*;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;import java.awt.event.*;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import javax.imageio.*;import java.awt.*;public class BirdGame extends JPanel {Image background;//背景图片Image startImage;//开始图片Image overImage;//游戏结束图片Ground ground;//地面Column column1,column2;//两根柱子Bird bird;//小鸟int score;//游戏分数int state;//游戏状态//状态常量public static final int START=0;//开始public static final int RUNNING=1;//运行public static final int GAME_OVER=2;//结束public BirdGame() throws Exception{//初始背景图片//background = new ImageIcon("D:\\java\\elipse\\project_workplace\\Bird\\src\\resources\\bg.png").getImage();//绝对路径//background = new ImageIcon("src\\resources\\bg.png").getImage();//相对路径，一开始默认位置是Bird项目文件夹background = new ImageIcon("./source/bg.png").getImage();startImage = new ImageIcon("./source/start.png").getImage();overImage=new ImageIcon("./source/gameover.png").getImage();//初始化地面、柱子、小鸟、分号、状态ground=new Ground();column1=new Column(1);column2=new Column(2);bird=new Bird();score=0;state=0;}public void paint(Graphics g){//绘制背景g.drawImage(background, 0, 0,null);//绘制地面g.drawImage(ground.image, ground.x, ground.y, null);//绘制柱子g.drawImage(column1.image,column1.x-column1.width/2,column1.y-column1.height/2,null);g.drawImage(column2.image,column2.x-column2.width/2,column2.y-column2.height/2,null);//绘制小鸟Graphics2D g2=(Graphics2D) g;g2.rotate(-bird.alpha,bird.x,bird.y);g.drawImage(bird.image,bird.x-bird.width/2,bird.y-bird.height/2,null);g2.rotate(bird.alpha,bird.x,bird.y);//绘制分数Font f=new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF,Font.BOLD,40);g.setFont(f);g.drawString(""+score, 40, 60);g.setColor(Color.WHITE);g.drawString(""+score,40-3, 60-3);//一个阴影效果//绘制开始和结束界面switch(state){case START:g.drawImage(startImage, 0, 0, null);break;case GAME_OVER:g.drawImage(overImage, 0, 0, null);break;}}public void action() throws Exception{//不断重复和绘制MouseListener l=new MouseAdapter(){public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){try {switch(state) {case START://在开始前按下鼠标转为运行状态state=RUNNING;break;case RUNNING://在运行状态，按下鼠标小鸟向上飞行bird.flappy();break;case GAME_OVER://在结束状态，按下鼠标重置数据变为开始column1=new Column(1);column2=new Column(2);bird=new Bird();score=0;state=START;break;}}catch (Exception ex){ex.printStackTrace();}}};addMouseListener(l);while(true){switch(state){case START:bird.fly();ground.step();break;case RUNNING:ground.step();column1.step();column2.step();bird.fly();bird.step();//if(bird.x==column1.x||bird.x==column2.x)//{//score++;//}score++;//检测是否碰撞if(bird.hit(ground)||bird.hit(column1)||bird.hit(column2)){state=GAME_OVER;}break;}//休眠1000/60毫秒Thread.sleep(1000/60);repaint();}}//启动方法public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{JFrame frame=new JFrame();BirdGame game=new BirdGame();frame.add(game);frame.setSize(440,670);frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setVisible(true);game.action();}}
2.地面类
package game;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;public class Ground {Image image;int x,y;//位置int width,height;//地面初始化public Ground() throws Exception{image =new ImageIcon("source/ground.png").getImage();width=image.getWidth(null);height=image.getHeight(null);x=0;y=500;}//左移public void step(){x-=4;if(x<=-109){x=0;}}}
3.小鸟类
package game;import java.awt.*;import javax.swing.*;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;public class Bird {Image image;int x,y;int width,height;int size;//重力加速度double g;//位移间隔时间double t;//最初速度double v0;//当前上抛速度double speed;//经过时间t后的位移double s;//小鸟的倾角（弧度）double alpha;//一组图片记录小鸟动画帧Image[] images;//帧数下标int index;public Bird() throws Exception{image=new ImageIcon("source/0.png").getImage();width = image.getWidth(null);height = image.getHeight(null);x=132;y=280;size=40;//位移参数g=4;v0=20;t=0.25;speed=v0;s=0;//小鸟偏转角度alpha=0;//初始化动画帧参数images=new Image[8];for(int i=0;i<8;i++){images[i]=new ImageIcon("source/"+i+".png").getImage();}index=0;}//飞行动作（变化一帧）public void fly(){index++;image=images[(index/12)%8];}//移动一步public void step(){double v0=speed;//计算上跑位移s=v0*t+g*t*t/2;//计算鸟的坐标y=y-(int)s;//计算下次移动速度double v=v0-g*t;speed =v;//计算倾角（反正切函数）alpha=Math.atan(s/8);}//向上飞行public void flappy(){//重置速度speed=v0;}//检测小鸟是否碰撞到地面public boolean hit(Ground ground){boolean hit =y+size/2>ground.y;if(hit){y=ground.y-size/2;alpha=Math.PI/2;}return hit;}//检测小鸟是否撞到柱子public boolean hit(Column column){//检测是否在柱子范围内if(x>column.x-column.width/2-size/2&&x<column.x+column.width/2+size/2){if(y>column.y-column.gap/2+size/2&&y<column.y+column.gap/2-size/2) return false;return true;}return false;}}
4.柱子类
package game;import java.util.*;import java.awt.*;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import javax.swing.*;public class Column {Image image;int x,y;int width,height;//柱子之间缝隙int gap;//柱子之间的距离int distance;Random random =new Random();//初始第N根柱子public Column(int n) throws Exception{image=new ImageIcon("source/column.png").getImage();width=image.getWidth(null);height=image.getHeight(null);gap=144;distance=245;x=550+(n-1)*distance;y=random.nextInt(218)+132;}public void step(){x-=4;if(x<= -width/2){x=distance*2-width/2;y=random.nextInt(218);}}}
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没有什么可凭仗，只有他的好身体，没有地方可去，只想到处流浪。
