目录想法实现工程pom配置文件TranscodeConfig，用于控制转码的一些参数MediaInfo，封装视频的一些基础信息FFmpegUtils，工具类封装FFmpeg的一些操作UploadController，执行转码操作index.html，客户端使用
想法
客户端上传视频到服务器，服务器对视频进行切片后，返回m3u8，封面等访问路径。可以在线的播放。 服务器可以对视频做一些简单的处理，例如裁剪，封面的截取时间。
视频转码文件夹的定义
喜羊羊与灰太狼 // 文件夹名称就是视频标题 |-index.m3u8 // 主m3u8文件，里面可以配置多个码率的播放地址 |-poster.jpg // 截取的封面图片 |-ts // 切片目录 |-index.m3u8 // 切片播放索引 |-key // 播放需要解密的AES KEY
实现
需要先在本机安装FFmpeg，并且添加到PATH环境变量，如果不会先通过搜索引擎找找资料
工程
pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.demo</groupId><artifactId>demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.4.5</version><relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-codec</groupId><artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId><artifactId>gson</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><executable>true</executable></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>
配置文件
server: port: 80app: # 存储转码视频的文件夹地址 video-folder: "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\tmp"spring: servlet: multipart: enabled: true # 不限制文件大小 max-file-size: -1 # 不限制请求体大小 max-request-size: -1 # 临时IO目录 location: "${java.io.tmpdir}" # 不延迟解析 resolve-lazily: false # 超过1Mb，就IO到临时目录 file-size-threshold: 1MB web: resources: static-locations: - "classpath:/static/" - "file:${app.video-folder}" # 把视频文件夹目录，添加到静态资源目录列表
TranscodeConfig，用于控制转码的一些参数
package com.demo.ffmpeg;public class TranscodeConfig {private String poster;// 截取封面的时间HH:mm:ss.[SSS]private String tsSeconds;// ts分片大小，单位是秒private String cutStart;// 视频裁剪，开始时间HH:mm:ss.[SSS]private String cutEnd;// 视频裁剪，结束时间HH:mm:ss.[SSS]public String getPoster() {return poster;}public void setPoster(String poster) {this.poster = poster;}public String getTsSeconds() {return tsSeconds;}public void setTsSeconds(String tsSeconds) {this.tsSeconds = tsSeconds;}public String getCutStart() {return cutStart;}public void setCutStart(String cutStart) {this.cutStart = cutStart;}public String getCutEnd() {return cutEnd;}public void setCutEnd(String cutEnd) {this.cutEnd = cutEnd;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "TranscodeConfig [poster=" + poster + ", tsSeconds=" + tsSeconds + ", cutStart=" + cutStart + ", cutEnd="+ cutEnd + "]";}}
MediaInfo，封装视频的一些基础信息
package com.demo.ffmpeg;import java.util.List;import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;public class MediaInfo {public static class Format {@SerializedName("bit_rate")private String bitRate;public String getBitRate() {return bitRate;}public void setBitRate(String bitRate) {this.bitRate = bitRate;}}public static class Stream {@SerializedName("index")private int index;@SerializedName("codec_name")private String codecName;@SerializedName("codec_long_name")private String codecLongame;@SerializedName("profile")private String profile;}// ----------------------------------@SerializedName("streams")private List<Stream> streams;@SerializedName("format")private Format format;public List<Stream> getStreams() {return streams;}public void setStreams(List<Stream> streams) {this.streams = streams;}public Format getFormat() {return format;}public void setFormat(Format format) {this.format = format;}}
FFmpegUtils，工具类封装FFmpeg的一些操作
package com.demo.ffmpeg;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;import java.nio.file.Files;import java.nio.file.Path;import java.nio.file.Paths;import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import com.google.gson.Gson;public class FFmpegUtils {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FFmpegUtils.class);// 跨平台换行符private static final String LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator");/** * 生成随机16个字节的AESKEY * @return */private static byte[] genAesKey () {try {KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");keyGenerator.init(128);return keyGenerator.generateKey().getEncoded();} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {return null;}}/** * 在指定的目录下生成key_info, key文件，返回key_info文件 * @param folder * @throws IOException */private static Path genKeyInfo(String folder) throws IOException {// AES 密钥byte[] aesKey = genAesKey();// AES 向量String iv = Hex.encodeHexString(genAesKey());// key 文件写入Path keyFile = Paths.get(folder, "key");Files.write(keyFile, aesKey, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);// key_info 文件写入StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();stringBuilder.append("key").append(LINE_SEPARATOR);// m3u8加载key文件网络路径stringBuilder.append(keyFile.toString()).append(LINE_SEPARATOR);// FFmeg加载key_info文件路径stringBuilder.append(iv);// ASE 向量Path keyInfo = Paths.get(folder, "key_info");Files.write(keyInfo, stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);return keyInfo;}/** * 指定的目录下生成 master index.m3u8 文件 * @param fileNamemaster m3u8文件地址 * @param indexPath访问子index.m3u8的路径 * @param bandWidth流码率 * @throws IOException */private static void genIndex(String file, String indexPath, String bandWidth) throws IOException {StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();stringBuilder.append("#EXTM3U").append(LINE_SEPARATOR);stringBuilder.append("#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=" + bandWidth).append(LINE_SEPARATOR); // 码率stringBuilder.append(indexPath);Files.write(Paths.get(file), stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);}/** * 转码视频为m3u8 * @param source源视频 * @param destFolder目标文件夹 * @param config配置信息 * @throws IOException * @throws InterruptedException */public static void transcodeToM3u8(String source, String destFolder, TranscodeConfig config) throws IOException, InterruptedException {// 判断源视频是否存在if (!Files.exists(Paths.get(source))) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件不存在：" + source);}// 创建工作目录Path workDir = Paths.get(destFolder, "ts");Files.createDirectories(workDir);// 在工作目录生成KeyInfo文件Path keyInfo = genKeyInfo(workDir.toString());// 构建命令List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();commands.add("ffmpeg");commands.add("-i");commands.add(source);// 源文件commands.add("-c:v");commands.add("libx264");// 视频编码为H264commands.add("-c:a");commands.add("copy");// 音频直接copycommands.add("-hls_key_info_file");commands.add(keyInfo.toString());// 指定密钥文件路径commands.add("-hls_time");commands.add(config.getTsSeconds());// ts切片大小commands.add("-hls_playlist_type");commands.add("vod");// 点播模式commands.add("-hls_segment_filename");commands.add("%06d.ts");// ts切片文件名称if (StringUtils.hasText(config.getCutStart())) {commands.add("-ss");commands.add(config.getCutStart());// 开始时间}if (StringUtils.hasText(config.getCutEnd())) {commands.add("-to");commands.add(config.getCutEnd());// 结束时间}commands.add("index.m3u8");// 生成m3u8文件// 构建进程Process process = new ProcessBuilder().command(commands).directory(workDir.toFile()).start();// 读取进程标准输出new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {String line = null;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);}} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();// 读取进程异常输出new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()))) {String line = null;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);}} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();// 阻塞直到任务结束if (process.waitFor() != 0) {throw new RuntimeException("视频切片异常");}// 切出封面if (!screenShots(source, String.join(File.separator, destFolder, "poster.jpg"), config.getPoster())) {throw new RuntimeException("封面截取异常");}// 获取视频信息MediaInfo mediaInfo = getMediaInfo(source);if (mediaInfo == null) {throw new RuntimeException("获取媒体信息异常");}// 生成index.m3u8文件genIndex(String.join(File.separator, destFolder, "index.m3u8"), "ts/index.m3u8", mediaInfo.getFormat().getBitRate());// 删除keyInfo文件Files.delete(keyInfo);}/** * 获取视频文件的媒体信息 * @param source * @return * @throws IOException * @throws InterruptedException */public static MediaInfo getMediaInfo(String source) throws IOException, InterruptedException {List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();commands.add("ffprobe");commands.add("-i");commands.add(source);commands.add("-show_format");commands.add("-show_streams");commands.add("-print_format");commands.add("json");Process process = new ProcessBuilder(commands).start(); MediaInfo mediaInfo = null;try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {mediaInfo = new Gson().fromJson(bufferedReader, MediaInfo.class);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (process.waitFor() != 0) {return null;}return mediaInfo;}/** * 截取视频的指定时间帧，生成图片文件 * @param source源文件 * @param file图片文件 * @param time截图时间 HH:mm:ss.[SSS] * @throws IOException * @throws InterruptedException */public static boolean screenShots(String source, String file, String time) throws IOException, InterruptedException {List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();commands.add("ffmpeg");commands.add("-i");commands.add(source);commands.add("-ss");commands.add(time);commands.add("-y");commands.add("-q:v");commands.add("1");commands.add("-frames:v");commands.add("1");commands.add("-f");;commands.add("image2");commands.add(file);Process process = new ProcessBuilder(commands).start();// 读取进程标准输出new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {String line = null;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);}} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();// 读取进程异常输出new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()))) {String line = null;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.error(line);}} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();return process.waitFor() == 0;}}
UploadController，执行转码操作
package com.demo.web.controller;import java.io.IOException;import java.nio.file.Files;import java.nio.file.Path;import java.nio.file.Paths;import java.time.LocalDate;import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestPart;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import com.demo.ffmpeg.FFmpegUtils;import com.demo.ffmpeg.TranscodeConfig;@RestController@RequestMapping("/upload")public class UploadController {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UploadController.class);@Value("${app.video-folder}")private String videoFolder;private Path tempDir = Paths.get(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));/** * 上传视频进行切片处理，返回访问路径 * @param video * @param transcodeConfig * @return * @throws IOException */@PostMappingpublic Object upload (@RequestPart(name = "file", required = true) MultipartFile video,@RequestPart(name = "config", required = true) TranscodeConfig transcodeConfig) throws IOException {LOGGER.info("文件信息：title={}, size={}", video.getOriginalFilename(), video.getSize());LOGGER.info("转码配置：{}", transcodeConfig);// 原始文件名称，也就是视频的标题String title = video.getOriginalFilename();// io到临时文件Path tempFile = tempDir.resolve(title);LOGGER.info("io到临时文件：{}", tempFile.toString());try {video.transferTo(tempFile);// 删除后缀title = title.substring(0, title.lastIndexOf("."));// 按照日期生成子目录String today = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd").format(LocalDate.now());// 尝试创建视频目录Path targetFolder = Files.createDirectories(Paths.get(videoFolder, today, title));LOGGER.info("创建文件夹目录：{}", targetFolder);Files.createDirectories(targetFolder);// 执行转码操作LOGGER.info("开始转码");try {FFmpegUtils.transcodeToM3u8(tempFile.toString(), targetFolder.toString(), transcodeConfig);} catch (Exception e) {LOGGER.error("转码异常：{}", e.getMessage());Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();result.put("success", false);result.put("message", e.getMessage());return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR).body(result);}// 封装结果Map<String, Object> videoInfo = new HashMap<>();videoInfo.put("title", title);videoInfo.put("m3u8", String.join("/", "", today, title, "index.m3u8"));videoInfo.put("poster", String.join("/", "", today, title, "poster.jpg"));Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();result.put("success", true);result.put("data", videoInfo);return result;} finally {// 始终删除临时文件Files.delete(tempFile);}}}
index.html，客户端
<html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hls.js/latest/hls.min.js"></script> </head> <body> 选择转码文件： <input name="file" type="file" accept="video/*" onchange="upload(event)"> <hr/><video id="video" width="500" height="400" controls="controls"></video> </body> <script> const video = document.getElementById('video'); function upload (e){ let files = e.target.files if (!files) { return } // TODO 转码配置这里固定死了 var transCodeConfig = { poster: "00:00:00.001", // 截取第1毫秒作为封面 tsSeconds: 15, cutStart: "", cutEnd: "" } // 执行上传 let formData = new FormData(); formData.append("file", files[0]) formData.append("config", new Blob([JSON.stringify(transCodeConfig)], {type: "application/json; charset=utf-8"})) fetch('/upload', { method: 'POST', body: formData }) .then(resp => resp.json()) .then(message => { if (message.success){ // 设置封面 video.poster = message.data.poster; // 渲染到播放器 var hls = new Hls(); hls.loadSource(message.data.m3u8); hls.attachMedia(video); } else { alert("转码异常，详情查看控制台"); console.log(message.message); } }) .catch(err => { alert("转码异常，详情查看控制台"); throw err }) } </script></html>
使用
- 在配置文件中，配置到本地视频目录后启动 打开页面 localhost 点击【选择文件】，选择一个视频文件进行上传，等待执行完毕（没有做加载动画） 后端转码完成后，会自动把视频信息加载到播放器，此时可以手动点击播放按钮进行播放
可以打开控制台，查看上传进度，以及播放时的网络加载信息
以上就是SpringBoot + FFmpeg实现一个简单的M3U8切片转码系统的详细内容，更多关于SpringBoot 实现M3U8切片转码的资料请关注其它相关文章！
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