目录1.打开官网稍微学习一下，了解一下spring cloud是个什么东西，大概有哪些组件等2.新建项目3.更改项目结构4.新建相应的测试类和配置文件4.1 register-center模块4.2 provider模块4.3 consumer配置5.运行测试5.1本机hosts配置5.2 编辑运行配置5.3 运行程序
1.打开官网稍微学习一下，了解一下spring cloud是个什么东西，大概有哪些组件等
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud
https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-netflix/docs/current/reference/html/
2.新建项目
打开网址：https://start.spring.io/
选择需要引入的组件，然后下载下来即可
3.更改项目结构
为了测试的方便，需将项目结构更改为多模块的项目。
步骤如下：
(1) 依次新建子模块register-center/provider/consumer，删除父模块中多余的src、target等文件夹
(2) 修改父模块的pom文件：仅保留<dependencyManagement>配置节，<dependencies>配置节全部注释掉，因为可在子模块按需添加依赖。
(3) 修改register-center的pom中的依赖配置
<dependencies> <!-- Eureka注册中心 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
(4) 修改provider和consumer的pom中依赖配置
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
4.新建相应的测试类和配置文件
4.1 register-center模块
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.registercenter;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;@SpringBootApplication@EnableEurekaServerpublic class Application { /** * 运行点对点模式（集群模式）时，通过添加VM参数启动不同的注册中心节点实例 * 例如：-Dspring.profiles.active=peer2 * * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }}
yml配置
spring: application: #应用名 name: register-center freemarker: template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/ prefer-file-system-access: false #激活的配置，可运行时添加参数进行修改 -Dspring.profiles.active=peer2 profiles: active: peer1# #Eureka独立模式配置，仅有一个注册中心节点#server:# port: 8090#eureka:# instance:# hostname: localhost# client:# #仅仅作为注册中心，既不提供服务也不订阅服务# registerWithEureka: false# fetchRegistry: false# #注册中心地址# serviceUrl:# defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/# Eureka点对点模式，保证注册中心高可用，注册的实例信息会在点与点之间相互同步eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/---#每个注册中心节点不同的配置spring: profiles: peer1server: port: 8091eureka: instance: #在本机hosts中配置即可 hostname: peer1.com---spring: profiles: peer2server: port: 8092eureka: instance: hostname: peer2.com---spring: profiles: peer3server: port: 8093eureka: instance: hostname: peer3.com
4.2 provider模块
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Application { /** * 运行时添加VM参数: -Dserver.port=8082可以启动多个provider实例 * * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }}
服务注册类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider.restservice;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/** * 注册的服务 */@RestControllerpublic class RestService { /** * 日志 */ private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestService.class); @RequestMapping("/sayHello") public String sayHello(String name) { LOG.info("sayHello was called"); return "hello, " + name; }}
yml配置
spring: application: #应用名，也是eureka的服务名 name: provider freemarker: template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/ prefer-file-system-access: falseserver: #运行时，添加参数-Dserver.port=8082运行新的provider实例 port: 8081eureka: client: #注册中心地址 serviceUrl: #注册中心独立模式 #defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/ #注册中心点对点模式 defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
4.3 consumer配置
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }}
服务调用测试类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.controller;import com.netflix.appinfo.InstanceInfo;import com.netflix.discovery.EurekaClient;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;import org.springframework.http.MediaType;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import java.util.*;/** * 测试 */@RestControllerpublic class TestController { /** * 使用服务名才能负载均衡，不能使用直接使用地址 */ private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://provider"; @Autowired private EurekaClient discoveryClient; @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/testGet") public String testGet() { ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.getForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello?name={1}", String.class, getName()); return res.getBody(); } @GetMapping("/testPost") public String testPost() { MultiValueMap<String, Object> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, Object>(); params.add("name", getName());// HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();// headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED); HttpEntity< MultiValueMap<String, Object>> request = new HttpEntity<>(params, null); ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.postForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello", request, String.class); return res.getBody(); } private String getName() { List<String> greetings = Arrays.asList("Bob", "Alice", "Jack"); Random rand = new Random(); int randomNum = rand.nextInt(greetings.size()); return greetings.get(randomNum); }}
RestTemplate负责均衡配置类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class RestTemplateConfig { /** * 构建有负载均衡功能的RestTemplate实例对象 * * @return RestTemplate实例对象 */ @Bean @LoadBalanced RestTemplate restTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }}
yml配置
spring: application: #应用名，也是Eureka的服务名 name: cosumerserver: port: 8088eureka: client: #注册中心地址 serviceUrl: #注册中心独立模式 #defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/ #注册中心点对点模式 defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
5.运行测试
5.1本机hosts配置
127.0.0.1 peer1.com127.0.0.1 peer2.com127.0.0.1 peer3.com
5.2 编辑运行配置
三个注册中心节点运行配置
两个服务提供者的运行配置
5.3 运行程序
(1) 启动注册中心
依次启动RegisterCenter1->RegisterCenter2->RegisterCenter3，启动成功后，可访问http://localhost:8091/ 或http://localhost:8092/ 或http://localhost:8093/ 查看是否启动成功
(2)启动服务提供者provider
依次启动Provider1->Provider2, 随便访问一个注册中心地址首页即可查看状态，如下图
(3) 启动消费者cosumer
(4) 在浏览器中进行测试
测试地址：http://localhost:8088/testPost / http://localhost:8088/testGet
(5) 在Provider1/Provider2的控制台中可以看到输出结果
2021-04-07 15:26:56.043 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:26:58.860 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:26:59.535 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:26:59.925 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.266 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.663 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.938 INFO 8796 — [nio-8081-exec-7] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:58.602 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:26:59.194 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:26:59.737 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.109 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.414 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called2021-04-07 15:27:00.815 INFO 17828 — [nio-8082-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
恭喜！至此，Spring Clound 微服务集群框架您已经搭建成功！
附录
github地址：https://github.com/hdwang123/springcloudtest
参考文章：
https://www.zhihu.com/question/283286745/answer/763040709
https://www.cnblogs.com/qdhxhz/p/9357502.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/8005766.html
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44448094/article/details/88535475
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