Android PopupWindow用法解析

PopupWindow使用PopupWindow这个类用来实现一个弹出框,可以使用任意布局的View作为其内容,这个弹出框是悬浮在当前activity之上的。

PopupWindow使用Demo这个类的使用,不再过多解释,直接上代码吧。比如弹出框的布局:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:background="#FFBBFFBB"  android:orientation="vertical" >  <TextView    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:padding="10dp"    android:text="Hello My Window"    android:textSize="20sp" />  <Button    android:id="@+id/button1"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:padding="10dp"    android:text="Button"    android:textSize="20sp" /></LinearLayout>

Activity的布局中只有一个按钮,按下后会弹出框,Activity代码如下:

package com.example.hellopopupwindow;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.MotionEvent;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.PopupWindow;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity {  private Context mContext = null;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    mContext = this;    Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {      @Override      public void onClick(View view) {        showPopupWindow(view);      }    });  }  private void showPopupWindow(View view) {    // 一个自定义的布局,作为显示的内容    View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(        R.layout.pop_window, null);    // 设置按钮的点击事件    Button button = (Button) contentView.findViewById(R.id.button1);    button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {      @Override      public void onClick(View v) {        Toast.makeText(mContext, "button is pressed",            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      }    });    final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,        LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, true);    popupWindow.setTouchable(true);    popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() {      @Override      public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {        Log.i("mengdd", "onTouch : ");        return false;        // 这里如果返回true的话,touch事件将被拦截        // 拦截后 PopupWindow的onTouchEvent不被调用,这样点击外部区域无法dismiss      }    });    // 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框    // 我觉得这里是API的一个bug    popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(        R.drawable.selectmenu_bg_downward));    // 设置好参数之后再show    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view);  }}

弹出框的布局中有一个TextView和一个Button,Button点击后显示Toast,如图:

第一次实现的时候遇到了问题,就是弹出框不会在按下Back键的时候消失,点击弹框外区域也没有正常消失,搜索了一下,都说只要设置背景就好了。然后我就找了个图片,果然弹框能正常dismiss了(见注释)。

PopupWindow源码分析为了解答一下上面的问题,看看源码(最新API Level 19,Android 4.4.2)。1.显示方法显示提供了两种形式:showAtLocation()显示在指定位置,有两个方法重载:

public void showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)public void showAtLocation(IBinder token, int gravity, int x, int y) 

showAsDropDown()显示在一个参照物View的周围,有三个方法重载:

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor)public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff, int gravity) 

最后一种带Gravity参数的方法是API 19新引入的。弹出的方法中首先需要preparePopup() ,最后再invokePopup() 。prepare的方法中可以看到有无背景的分别:

  /**   * <p>Prepare the popup by embedding in into a new ViewGroup if the   * background drawable is not null. If embedding is required, the layout   * parameters' height is mnodified to take into account the background's   * padding.</p>   *   * @param p the layout parameters of the popup's content view   */  private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {    if (mContentView == null || mContext == null || mWindowManager == null) {      throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by "          + "calling setContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");    }    if (mBackground != null) {      final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams();      int height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;      if (layoutParams != null &&          layoutParams.height == ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {        height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;      }      // when a background is available, we embed the content view      // within another view that owns the background drawable      PopupViewContainer popupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext);      PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams listParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams(          ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height      );      popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground);      popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams);      mPopupView = popupViewContainer;    } else {      mPopupView = mContentView;    }    mPopupViewInitialLayoutDirectionInherited =        (mPopupView.getRawLayoutDirection() == View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERIT);    mPopupWidth = p.width;    mPopupHeight = p.height;  }

2.背景是否为空对Touch事件的影响如果有背景,则会在contentView外面包一层PopupViewContainer之后作为mPopupView,如果没有背景,则直接用contentView作为mPopupView。而这个PopupViewContainer是一个内部私有类,它继承了FrameLayout,在其中重写了Key和Touch事件的分发处理:

 @Override    public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {      if (event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {        if (getKeyDispatcherState() == null) {          return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);        }        if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN            && event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {          KeyEvent.DispatcherState state = getKeyDispatcherState();          if (state != null) {            state.startTracking(event, this);          }          return true;        } else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {          KeyEvent.DispatcherState state = getKeyDispatcherState();          if (state != null && state.isTracking(event) && !event.isCanceled()) {            dismiss();            return true;          }        }        return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);      } else {        return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);      }    }    @Override    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {      if (mTouchInterceptor != null && mTouchInterceptor.onTouch(this, ev)) {        return true;      }      return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);    }    @Override    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {      final int x = (int) event.getX();      final int y = (int) event.getY();            if ((event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)          && ((x < 0) || (x >= getWidth()) || (y < 0) || (y >= getHeight()))) {        dismiss();        return true;      } else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) {        dismiss();        return true;      } else {        return super.onTouchEvent(event);      }    }

由于PopupView本身并没有重写Key和Touch事件的处理,所以如果没有包这个外层容器类,点击Back键或者外部区域是不会导致弹框消失的。

补充Case: 弹窗不消失,但是事件向下传递如上所述:设置了PopupWindow的background,点击Back键或者点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗就会dismiss.相反,如果不设置PopupWindow的background,那么点击back键和点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗是不会消失的.那么,如果我想要一个效果,点击外部区域,弹窗不消失,但是点击事件会向下面的activity传递,比如下面是一个WebView,我想点击里面的链接等.

研究了半天,说是要给Window设置一个Flag,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL看了源码,这个Flag的设置与否是由一个叫mNotTouchModal的字段控制,但是设置该字段的set方法被标记为@hide。所以要通过反射的方法调用:

   /**   * Set whether this window is touch modal or if outside touches will be sent   * to   * other windows behind it.   *   */  public static void setPopupWindowTouchModal(PopupWindow popupWindow,      boolean touchModal) {    if (null == popupWindow) {      return;    }    Method method;    try {      method = PopupWindow.class.getDeclaredMethod("setTouchModal",          boolean.class);      method.setAccessible(true);      method.invoke(popupWindow, touchModal);    }    catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();    }  }

然后在程序中:  UIUtils.setPopupWindowTouchModal(popupWindow, false);

该popupWindow外部的事件就可以传递给下面的Activity了。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。

真凉爽啊!青山绿水映入我的眼中,景色怡人啊!

Android PopupWindow用法解析

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