Android单片机与蓝牙模块通信实例代码

啦啦毕业了，毕业前要写毕业设计，需要写一个简单的蓝牙APP进行交互，通过参考网上资料，问题顺利搞定，下面小编把具体实现思路分享给大家，供大家参考。

1、Android蓝牙编程

　　蓝牙3.0及以下版本编程需要使用UUID，UUID是通用唯一识别码（Universally Unique Identifier），这是一个软件构建的标准，也是被开源基金会组织应用在分布式计算环境领域的一部分。在蓝牙3.0及下一版本中，UUID被用于唯一标识一个服务，比如文件传输服务，串口服务、打印机服务等，如下：

#蓝牙串口服务 SerialPortServiceClass_UUID = '{00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}' LANAccessUsingPPPServiceClass_UUID = '{00001102-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'#拨号网络服务 DialupNetworkingServiceClass_UUID = '{00001103-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'#信息同步服务 IrMCSyncServiceClass_UUID = '{00001104-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}' SDP_OBEXObjectPushServiceClass_UUID = '{00001105-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'#文件传输服务 OBEXFileTransferServiceClass_UUID = '{00001106-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}' IrMCSyncCommandServiceClass_UUID = '{00001107-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

　　蓝牙的连接有主从设备，提供服务的可以认为是从设备。主设备通过UUID访问从设备提供具有相同UUID的服务，从而建立客服端—服务器（C/S）模式。

2、编程步骤

Android使用蓝牙，需要获得权限，蓝牙权限获得代码如下：

<!-- 蓝牙权限 --><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

获取本地蓝牙适配器，如果蓝牙未开启，开启蓝牙设备：

bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {// Device does not support Bluetoothreturn;}// 开启蓝牙int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);}

搜索已配对的蓝牙设备，并添加到已配对列表中：

// 查询配对设备List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {devices.add(device.getName() + "-" + device.getAddress());}

搜索未配对蓝牙设备，并添加到未配对列表：

mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();//开始收索 搜索接收函数： final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); // When discovery finds a device if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); // Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView mArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress()); }}};// 收索接收函数需要注册： // Register the BroadcastReceiver IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); // Don't forget to unregister during onDestroy

如果是服务器端，需要建立监听，注意监听的是某个服务的UUID，服务器监听类如下：

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {private final String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";private final BluetoothSocket socket;private final BluetoothDevice device;public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {this.device = device;BluetoothSocket tmp = null;try {tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}this.socket = tmp;}public void run() {bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();try {socket.connect();connectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);connectedThread.start();} catch (IOException e) {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException ee) {ee.printStackTrace();}return;}//manageConnectedSocket(socket);}public void cancel() {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

客户端与服务器端建立连接成功后，需要ConnectedThread类接收发送数据：

// 客户端与服务器建立连接成功后，用ConnectedThread收发数据private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {private final BluetoothSocket socket;private final InputStream inputStream;private final OutputStream outputStream;public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {this.socket = socket;InputStream input = null;OutputStream output = null;try {input = socket.getInputStream();output = socket.getOutputStream();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}this.inputStream = input;this.outputStream = output;}public void run() {byte[] buff = new byte[1024];int bytes;while (true) {try {bytes = inputStream.read(buff);String str = new String(buff, "ISO-8859-1");str = str.substring(0, bytes);Log.e("recv", str);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();break;}}}public void write(byte[] bytes) {try {outputStream.write(bytes);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void cancel() {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

　　到此为止就是蓝牙开发的大致步骤，其中没有涉及到蓝牙客户端建立连接类，不过可查阅BLE和经典蓝牙Android开发。

3、毕设蓝牙APP介绍

　　毕设蓝牙APP需要接收单片机通过蓝牙模块发送上来的数据，并且蓝牙APP也可以给单片机发送数据来进行控制。页面布局如下，一个是整体页面，一个是设置页面，测试手机是魅蓝note。因为毕设做的是十字路口红绿灯控制系统，所有页面布局有4个LED灯，分别代表路口的4个红绿灯，会根据时间不同显示不同的颜色（红/绿/黄），并且会显示倒计时，最后来一张红绿灯系统整体图。

activity_main.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity"><LinearLayoutandroid:id="@+id/linear_layout_top"android:layout_alignParentTop="true"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="40dp"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/notice_view"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="40dp"android:text="蓝牙未开启"android:layout_weight="3"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/notice_recv_view"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="30dp"android:layout_weight="3"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/notice_send_view"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="30dp"android:layout_weight="3"/><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/turn_on_off"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="40dp"android:layout_weight="2"android:text="ON"/></LinearLayout><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/led1"android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"android:layout_below="@+id/linear_layout_top"android:layout_width="40dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:gravity="center"android:text="LED1"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/led0"android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"android:layout_below="@+id/led1"android:layout_width="40dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:gravity="center"android:text="+"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/led3"android:layout_below="@+id/led1"android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/led1"android:layout_width="40dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:gravity="center"android:text="LED3"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/led2"android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"android:layout_below="@+id/led3"android:layout_width="40dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:gravity="center"android:text="LED2"/><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/led4"android:layout_below="@+id/led1"android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/led1"android:layout_width="40dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:gravity="center"android:text="LED4"/><ScrollViewandroid:id="@+id/scroll_view"android:layout_below="@+id/led2"android:layout_above="@+id/linear_layout_bottom"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/recv_view"android:text=""android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></ScrollView><LinearLayoutandroid:id="@+id/linear_layout_bottom"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/clear_recv_view"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:text="clear" /><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/send_text"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_weight="3"android:hint="输入框，默认@#结尾"/><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/send"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:text="send" /></LinearLayout></RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java文件如下：

package com.luoxn28.bluetooth;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Color;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Message;import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.ScrollView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;import java.util.UUID;public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements View.OnClickListener {public static final int RECV_VIEW = 0;public static final int NOTICE_VIEW = 1;private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = null;private ConnectThread connectThread = null;private ConnectedThread connectedThread = null;private TextView noticeView = null;private Button turnOnOff = null;private TextView led0, led1, led2, led3, led4;ScrollView scrollView = null;private TextView recvView = null;private Button clearRecvView = null;private EditText sendText = null;private Button send = null;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);// 获取BluetoothAdapterbluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {// Device does not support Bluetoothreturn;}// 注册监听事件noticeView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.notice_view);turnOnOff = (Button) findViewById(R.id.turn_on_off);led0 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led0);led1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led1);led2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led2);led3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led3);led4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led4);scrollView = (ScrollView) findViewById(R.id.scroll_view);recvView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.recv_view);clearRecvView = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clear_recv_view);sendText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.send_text);send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);turnOnOff.setOnClickListener(this);clearRecvView.setOnClickListener(this);send.setOnClickListener(this);if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {noticeView.setText("蓝牙未开启");}else {noticeView.setText("蓝牙已开启");}noticeView.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);led0.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);}private boolean isOn = false;@Overridepublic void onClick(View view) {switch (view.getId()) {case R.id.turn_on_off: // 发送'0'或者'1'都可以if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();break;}if (connectedThread == null) {Toast.makeText(this, "未连接设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();break;}String turn_string = "1@#";connectedThread.write(turn_string.getBytes());if (isOn == false) {isOn = true; // 打开了turnOnOff.setText("OFF");led1.setText("");led2.setText("");led3.setText("");led4.setText("");}else {isOn = false; // 关闭了turnOnOff.setText("ON");led1.setText("LED1");led2.setText("LED2");led3.setText("LED3");led4.setText("LED4");}break;case R.id.clear_recv_view: // 清空接收框recvView.setText("");break;case R.id.send: // 发送数据，默认以"@#"结尾if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}if (connectedThread == null) {Toast.makeText(this, "未连接设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();break;}String inputText = sendText.getText().toString() + "@#"; // 发送给单片机数据以"@#结尾"，这样单片机知道一条数据发送结束//Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, inputText, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();connectedThread.write(inputText.getBytes());break;default:break;}}private android.os.Handler handler = new android.os.Handler() {public void handleMessage(Message msg) {Bundle bundle = null;switch (msg.what) {case RECV_VIEW:if (isOn == false) {isOn = true;turnOnOff.setText("OFF");}bundle = msg.getData();String recv = bundle.getString("recv");recvView.append(recv + "\n");scrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_DOWN); // 滚动到底部if (recv.isEmpty() || recv.contains(" ") || recv.contains("#")) {break;}int num = Integer.valueOf(recv) / 2; // 0-60sif (num <= 20) {led1.setText("");led2.setText("");led3.setText("");led4.setText("");led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);}else if (num < 30) {int n = 30 - num;led1.setText("" + n);led2.setText("" + n);if (num < 28) {led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);}else {led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);}}else if (num <= 50) {led1.setText("");led2.setText("");led3.setText("");led4.setText("");led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);}else {int n = 60 - num;led3.setText("" + n);led4.setText("" + n);if (num < 58) {led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);}else {led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);}}break;case NOTICE_VIEW:bundle = msg.getData();String notice = bundle.getString("notice");noticeView.setText(notice);break;default:break;}}};@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);return true;}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {int id = item.getItemId();if (id == R.id.start_bluetooth) {if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {// 开启蓝牙int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);noticeView.setText("开启蓝牙成功");//Toast.makeText(this, "开启蓝牙成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙已开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}return true;}else if (id == R.id.show_devices) {if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return true;}// 查询配对设备List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {devices.add(device.getName() + "-" + device.getAddress());}StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder();for (String device : devices) {text.append(device + "\n");}Toast.makeText(this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}return true;}else if (id == R.id.find_devices) {Toast.makeText(this, "该功能暂时不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}else if (id == R.id.connect_devices) {if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return true;}// 查询配对设备 建立连接，只能连接第一个配对的设备List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {connectThread = new ConnectThread(device);connectThread.start();//Toast.makeText(this, "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();break;}}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}private class ConnectThread extends Thread {private final String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";private final BluetoothSocket socket;private final BluetoothDevice device;public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {this.device = device;BluetoothSocket tmp = null;try {tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}this.socket = tmp;}public void run() {bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();try {socket.connect();connectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);connectedThread.start();} catch (IOException e) {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException ee) {ee.printStackTrace();}return;}//manageConnectedSocket(socket);}public void cancel() {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}// 客户端与服务器建立连接成功后，用ConnectedThread收发数据private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {private final BluetoothSocket socket;private final InputStream inputStream;private final OutputStream outputStream;public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {this.socket = socket;InputStream input = null;OutputStream output = null;try {input = socket.getInputStream();output = socket.getOutputStream();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}this.inputStream = input;this.outputStream = output;}public void run() {StringBuilder recvText = new StringBuilder();byte[] buff = new byte[1024];int bytes;Bundle tmpBundle = new Bundle();Message tmpMessage = new Message();tmpBundle.putString("notice", "连接成功");tmpMessage.what = NOTICE_VIEW;tmpMessage.setData(tmpBundle);handler.sendMessage(tmpMessage);while (true) {try {bytes = inputStream.read(buff);String str = new String(buff, "ISO-8859-1");str = str.substring(0, bytes);// 收到数据，单片机发送上来的数据以"#"结束，这样手机知道一条数据发送结束//Log.e("read", str);if (!str.endsWith("#")) {recvText.append(str);continue;}recvText.append(str.substring(0, str.length() - 1)); // 去除'#'Bundle bundle = new Bundle();Message message = new Message();bundle.putString("recv", recvText.toString());message.what = RECV_VIEW;message.setData(bundle);handler.sendMessage(message);recvText.replace(0, recvText.length(), "");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();break;}}}public void write(byte[] bytes) {try {outputStream.write(bytes);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void cancel() {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

menu_main.xml文件如下：

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:context=".MainActivity"><itemandroid:id="@+id/show_devices"android:title="@string/show_devices"android:orderInCategory="100"app:showAsAction="never" /><itemandroid:id="@+id/start_bluetooth"android:title="@string/start_bluetooth"android:orderInCategory="100"app:showAsAction="never" /><itemandroid:id="@+id/find_devices"android:title="@string/find_devices"android:orderInCategory="100"app:showAsAction="never" /><itemandroid:id="@+id/connect_devices"android:title="@string/connect_devices"android:orderInCategory="100"app:showAsAction="never" /></menu>

strings.xml文件如下：

<resources><string name="app_name">BlueTooth</string><string name="action_settings">Settings</string><string name="start_bluetooth">开启蓝牙</string><string name="show_devices">查询配对设备</string><string name="find_devices">搜索设备</string><string name="connect_devices">连接设备</string></resources>

到这里整个APP已经开发完成，亲测可用，如果有什么错误，欢迎评论指正谈论^_^。

到此，本文全部内容就给大家介绍完了，亲自测试过，代码安全可靠，放心实用，如果有任何问题欢迎给我留言，小编会及时回复的！

也就越容易失败，还不如怀揣一颗平常心，