CSS未知高度垂直居中

最近群里这个问题比较热门，决定把我收藏的方法分享大家。在开始时，我们先看一下万能的table实现。

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">  
  <head>  
    <meta charset="utf-8" />  
    <meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>  
    <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>  
    <style type="text/css">  
      .container{  
        width:500px;/*装饰*/
        height:500px;  
        background:#B9D6FF;  
        border: 1px solid #CCC;  
      }  
      
    </style>  
  </head>  
  <body>  
    <h1>垂直居中（table）</h1>  
    <div class='container'>
        <table width="100%" height="100%">
            <tr>
               <td align="center" valign="middle">
                  <img src="http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg" />
               </td>
           </tr>
       </table> 
   </div>
    
  </body>  
</html>

<!doctype html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″ /> <meta content=”IE=8″ http-equiv=”X-UA-Compatible”/> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> .container{ width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（table）</h1> <div class=’container’> <table width=”100%” height=”100%”> <tr> <td align=”center” valign=”middle”> <img src=”http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg” /> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

好了，我们看其CSS实现。凡是table能做到的，CSS都能做的，但各浏览器在CSS的差异比较大，因此要兼容它们难度很大。这涉及许多细节，各种流啊，display的表现效果与CSS hack，IE早些年搞了大堆的私有属性，这也有待我们深一步挖掘。我们先看最简单的实现，背景图片法——

背景图片法

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>
<style type="text/css">
.container {
  width:500px;
  height:500px;
  line-height:500px;
  background:#B9D6FF url(http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg)  no-repeat center center;
  border:1px solid #f00;
  text-align: center;
}

</style>

</head>
<body>
<h1>垂直居中（背景图片法）</h1>
<div class="container">
   
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!doctype html> <html> <head> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> .container { width:500px; height:500px; line-height:500px; background:#B9D6FF url(http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg) no-repeat center center; border:1px solid #f00; text-align: center; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（背景图片法）</h1> <div class=”container”> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

CSS表达式法

<html lang="en">  
  <head>  
    <meta charset="utf-8" />  
    <meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>  
    <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>  
    <style type="text/css">  
      .container{  
        /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/
        display: table-cell;
        vertical-align:middle; 
        width:500px;/*装饰*/
        height:500px;  
        background:#B9D6FF;  
        border: 1px solid #CCC;  
      }  
      .container img{  
        display:block;/*让其具备盒子模型*/
        margin:0 auto;  
        text-align:center;
        margin-top:expression((500 - this.height )/2);/*让IE567垂直对齐 */
      }  
    </style>  
  </head>  
  <body>  
    <h1>垂直居中（CSS表达式）</h1>  
    <div class="container">  
      <img src="http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg" />  
    </div>  
  </body>  
</html>

<html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″ /> <meta content=”IE=8″ http-equiv=”X-UA-Compatible”/> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> .container{ /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/ display: table-cell; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } .container img{ display:block;/*让其具备盒子模型*/ margin:0 auto; text-align:center; margin-top:expression((500 – this.height )/2);/*让IE567垂直对齐 */ } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（CSS表达式）</h1> <div class=”container”> <img src=”http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg” /> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

绝对定位法

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>
    <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      div {
       /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/
        display:table-cell;
        vertical-align:middle;
        overflow:hidden;
        position:relative;
        text-align:center;
        width:500px;/*装饰*/
        height:500px;
        border:1px solid #ccc;
        background:#B9D6FF;
      }
      div p {
        +position:absolute;
        top:50%
      }
      img {
        +position:relative;
        top:-50%;
        left:-50%;
      }
 
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>垂直居中(绝对定位)</h1>
    <div class="container">
      <p>
        <img src="http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg" />
      </p>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

<!doctype html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″ /> <meta content=”IE=8″ http-equiv=”X-UA-Compatible”/> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> div { /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/ display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; overflow:hidden; position:relative; text-align:center; width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; border:1px solid #ccc; background:#B9D6FF; } div p { +position:absolute; top:50% } img { +position:relative; top:-50%; left:-50%; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(绝对定位)</h1> <div class=”container”> <p> <img src=”http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg” /> </p> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

display:inline-block法

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>
    <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      div {
        display:table-cell;
        vertical-align:middle;
        text-align:center;
        width:500px;
        height:500px;
        background:#B9D6FF;
        border: 1px solid #CCC;
      }

    </style>
    <!--[if IE]>
<style type="text/css">
i {
	display:inline-block;
	height:100%;
	vertical-align:middle
	}
img {
	vertical-align:middle
	}
</style>
<![endif]-->
   
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>垂直居中(inline-block法)</h1>
    <div class="container">
      <i></i>
      <img src="http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg" />
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

<!doctype html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″ /> <meta content=”IE=8″ http-equiv=”X-UA-Compatible”/> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> div { display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:500px; height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } </style> <!–[if IE]> <style type=”text/css”> i { display:inline-block; height:100%; vertical-align:middle } img { vertical-align:middle } </style> <![endif]–> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(display:inline-block法)</h1> <div class=”container”> <i></i> <img src=”http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg” /> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

writing-mode法

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>
    <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      div{
        width:500px;
        height:500px;
        line-height:500px;
        text-align:center;
        background:#B9D6FF;
        border:1px solid #f00;
      }
      div span{
        height:100%\9;
        writing-mode:tb-rl\9;
      }
      div img{
        vertical-align:middle
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>垂直居中(writing-mode法)</h1>
    <div class="container">
      <span>
        <img src="http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg" />
      </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

<!doctype html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″ /> <meta content=”IE=8″ http-equiv=”X-UA-Compatible”/> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type=”text/css”> div{ width:500px; height:500px; line-height:500px; text-align:center; background:#B9D6FF; border:1px solid #f00; } div span{ height:100%\9; writing-mode:tb-rl\9; } div img{ vertical-align:middle } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(writing-mode)</h1> <div class=”container”> <span> <img src=”http://img./uploadfile/allimg/151001/040F62526-0.jpg” /> </span> </div> </body> </html>

运行代码

记得淘宝也搞一个font-size法，但我觉得上下差异比较大，就不收录了。怿飞的博客亦提到过一韩国人有个巧妙的实现，但日久链接失效了，谁收藏了也请提供一下。

新发现的逆天方法，

SVG大法

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