Linux中搭建Postfix邮件服务器教程

Linux中搭建Postfix邮件服务器教程详细介绍

搭建背景：公司决定搭建邮件服务器，实现内部和外部交流的电子化，因为Linux系统稳定、安全性较好，该公司决定在Linux系统中搭建postfix邮件服务器，邮件服务器mail.pengqi.com能够实现一对一的邮件收发。

Postfix安装及启动

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># rpm -qa | grep postfix</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

红帽6.5系统中默认安装了postfix软件，可以使用以上命令查看是否安装包，如果没有安装，请使用以下命令进行安装即可；

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># yum -y tall postfix</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

启动、停止、重启服务：

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># service postfix start</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>
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># service postfix stop</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>
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># service postfix restart</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

设置开机自启动：

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># chkconfig postfix on</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

Postfix服务器配置步骤

在配置postfix服务器前应该先给服务器分配一个有效的ip地址，如192.168.15.137，并且在DNS服务器上把mail.pengqi.com解析到192.168.15.137，并添加邮件交换记录。

postfix的主配置文件是/etc/postfix/main.cf,如果对文件不做修改，则默认监听127.0.0.1的邮件收发，需要修改为如下内容：

myname=mail.pengqi.com   设置邮件服务器主机名

mydomain=pengqi.com    指定主机域名

myorigin=$mydomain    设置邮件所使用的主机名和域名

inet_interfaces=al    l设置监听端口

inet_interfaces=192.168.15.137    postfix使用的ip

mydestination=$mydomain    设置可接受邮件的主机名和域名

mynetworks=192.168.18.0/24    设置可转发的邮件网络

relay_domain=pengqi.com    设置可转发的邮件域名

最后重启邮件服务才能使服务生效，最好是关闭防火墙和selinux进行测试。

Telnet测试

请安装Telnet和Telnet-server软件进行测试：

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># telnet 192.168.15.137 25</span>
Trying
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220
mail.
pengqi
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com
ESMTP Postfix
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若出现以上信息则客户端可以正常使用邮件服务器。

IMAP和POP3服务器配置步骤

dovecot服务安装

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># yum -y tall dovecot</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

dovecot的基本配置

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># vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span>

protocols = imap pop3 lmtp

listen = *, ::

login_trusted_networks =192.168.18.0/24

要启用pop和IMAP服务，则要去掉如下内容的#号

指定邮件存储格式和位置

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># vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf </span>
mail_location
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maildir:~/Maildir /将该参数前的
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>#号去掉，在24行</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span>

启动dovecot服务

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># service dovecot start</span>
正在启动 Dovecot Imap：
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添加邮件用户账户

下面添加两个用户进行测试，可以用useradd和password添加账户和修改密码

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># useradd pengqi_li</span>
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># useradd pengqi_liu</span>
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># passwd pengqi_liu</span><span class="prism-line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span>

mail命令测试邮件服务器

pengqi_li用邮箱pengqi_li@pengqi.com发邮件到邮箱pengqi_liu@pengqi.com

1、请使用pengqi_li登录系统，注意，不是用su指令，在家目录下创建mailliu的测试文档，文档内容自拟；

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$ vim mailliu
嗨喽 pengqi_liu，这是一封测试邮件！！！
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2、将邮件发给pengqi_liu的邮箱pengqi_liu@pengqi.com

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'hello pengqi_liu'
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com
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mailliu
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3、用pengqi_liu用户登录系统，输入mail命令，查看邮件

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$ mail
Heirloom Mail version
12.4
7
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29
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08.
Type ?
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for
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pengqi_li@pengqi.
com
Fri Jun
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641
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Message
1
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From pengqi_li@pengqi.
com
Fri Jun
8
05
:
01
:
45
2018
Return
-Path:
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pengqi_li@pengqi.
com
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X-Original-To: pengqi_liu@pengqi.
com
Delivered-To: pengqi_liu@pengqi.
com
Date: Fri,
08
Jun
2018
05
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01
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45
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0800
To: pengqi_liu@pengqi.
com
Subject: hello pengqi_liu
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx
12.4
7
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29
/
08
Content-Type: text/plain
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From: pengqi_li@pengqi.
com
Status: RO
嗨喽 pengqi_liu，这是一封测试邮件！！！ 邮件内容
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quit 输入quit退出
Held
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in
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/var/spool/mail/pengqi_liu
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pengqi_liu@pengqi ~
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$
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至此，实现一对一的邮件通信已经完成了！

,