capacity constraints,求财金英语专业术语，英汉都要有的

capacity constraints,求财金英语专业术语，英汉都要有的详细介绍

本文目录一览： Capacity Constraints是什么意思？

同学你好，很高兴为您解答！
　　Capacity Constraints 产能约束条件
　　限制最高绩效的资源，例如工厂现有的条件、劳动力、生产方法或材料供应 。

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capacity constraints是什么意思

capacity constraints
容量限制；产能限制；能力限制

求高手帮忙翻译一下最后一句话，在线等，非常感谢!!!

poorly describe the adj. Resourced which is a past participle used as an Adj.
旅游需要流动性和普及,但是一些贫困的地方，更好不是更快和更频繁。当然，交通越好，旅游越发达。但是高度发达的交通会制造很大比例的温室气体，尤其是二氧化碳，capacity constraints应该是一个专业的词汇，反正在日常生活中也没听到有人这么说……
祝愿能帮到你
旅游业需要流动性和可达性，但在某些资源贫瘠的地方，不意味着交通更快，更频繁就更好。当然，交通更便捷的地方会有更多的旅游业。交通高能源消耗会产生大量比例的温室气体的排放，特别是二氧化碳。交通同样也在提高地球发热的威胁。
用poorly是因为后面的resource是用作东西。形容动词要用副词
hitting capacity应该是heating capacity吧。。。
旅游需要的是流动性和普及性，但是在一些资源贫瘠的地方（poorly是形容词 差。不好的意思）这并不意味着更快更频繁更好，肯定的是，越多交通运输可用，这里就会有越好的旅游效果。高交通能源消耗将会阐释大量的温室气体，尤其是CO2，并且交通只是在很小的程度上增加了大家能力限制的威胁
旅游需要的流动性和普及，但在某些不好资源的地方，这并不意味着更快，更频繁，better.Surely，更运输可用，将有更多的旅游be.The高交通能源消耗会产生大量的温室气体的比例，特别是二氧化碳，
和运输同样提高击球能力有限的威胁。
poorly 修饰resourced， resourced课看做adj，
旅游业需要的是机动性和可接近性，但是在一些资源整合得比较差（poor修饰resourced，所以用副词）得的地方，并不是说（交通工具）越快，越频繁就越好。当然，可用的交通工具越多，就意味着会有越多的游客，但是交通工具的高能源消耗会产生大量的温室气体，尤其是二氧化碳。而且，交通工具也同样对于旅游景点的容纳量产生着越来越大的威胁。

车辆路径问题的目录

list of contributorspreface1 an overview of vehicle routing problemsp. toth, d. vigo1.1 introduction1.2 problem definition and basic notation1.2.1 capacitated and distance-constrained vrp1.2.2 vrp with time windows1.2.3 vrp with backhauls1.2.4 vrp with pickup and delivery1.3 basic models for the vrp1.3.1 vehicle flow models1.3.2 extensions of vehicle flow models1.3.3 commodity flow models1.3.4 set-partitioning models1.4 test instances for the cvrp and other vrpsbibliographyⅠ capacitated vehicle routing problem2 branch-and-bound algorithms for the capacitated vrpp. toth, d. vigo2.1 introduction2.2 basic relaxations2.2.1 bounds based on assignment and matching2.2.2 bounds based on arborescences and trees2.2.3 comparison of the basic relaxations2.3 better relaxations2.3.1 additive bounds for acvrp2.3.2 further lower bounds for acvrp2.3.3 lagrangian lower bounds for scvrp2.3.4 lower bounds from a set-partitioning formulation2.3.5 comparison of the improved lower bounds2.4 structure of the branch-and-bound algorithms for cvrp2.4.1 branching schemes and search strategies2.4.2 reduction, dominance rules, and other features2.4.3 performance of the branch-and-bound algorithms2.5 distance-constrained vrpbibliography3 branch-and-cut algorithms for the capacitated vrpd. naddef, g. rinami3.1 introduction and two-index flow model3.2 branch-and-cut3.3 polyhedral studies3.3.1 capacity constraints3.3.2 generalized capacity constraints3.3.3 framed capacity constraints3.3.4 valid inequalities from stsp3.3.5 valid inequalities combining bin packing and stsp3.3.6 valid inequalities from the stable set problem3.4 separation procedures3.4.1 exact separation of capacity constraints3.4.2 heuristics for capacity and related constraints3.4.3 stsp constraints3.5 branching strategies3.6 computational results3.7 conclusionsbibliography4 set-covering-based algorithms for the capacitated vrpj. bramel, d. simchi-levi4.1 introduction4.2 solving the linear programming relaxation of p4.3 set-covering-based solution methods4.3.1 branch-and-bound algorithm for problem cg4.3.2 polyhedral branch-and-bound algorithm4.3.3 pseudo-polynomial lower bound on cmin4.3.4 solving pa via dual-ascent and branch-and-bound4.4 solving the set-covering integer program4.4.1 a cutting plane method4.4.2 branch-and-price4.4.3 additional comments on computational approaches4.5 computational results4.6 effectiveness of the set-covering formulation4.6.1 worst-case analysis4.6.2 average-case analysisbibliography5 classical heuristics for the capacitated vrpg. laporte, f. semet5.1 introduction5.2 constructive methods5.2.1 clarke and wright savings algorithm5.2.2 enhancements of the clarke and wright algorithm5.2.3 matching-based savings algorithms5.2.4 sequential insertion heuristics5.3 two-phase methods5.3.1 elementary clustering methods5.3.2 truncated branch-and-bound5.3.3 petal algorithms5.3.4 route-first, cluster-second methods5.4 improvement heuristics5.4.1 single-route improvements5.4.2 multiroute improvements5.5 conclusionsbibliography6 metaheuristics for the capacitated vrpm. gendreau, g. laporte, j y. potvin6.1 introduction6.2 simulated annealing6.2.1 two early simulated annealing algorithms6.2.2 osman's simulated annealing algorithms6.2.3 van breedam's experiments6.3 deterministic annealing6.4 tabu search6.4.1 two early tabu search algorithms6.4.2 osman's tabu search algorithm6.4.3 taburoute6.4.4 taillard's algorithm6.4.5 xu and kelly's algorithm6.4.6 rego and roucairol's algorithms6.4.7 barbarosoglu and ozgur's algorithm6.4.8 adaptive memory procedure of rochat and taillard6.4.9 granular tabu search of toth and vigo6.4.10 computational comparison6.5 genetic algorithms6.5.1 simple genetic algorithm6.5.2 application to sequencing problems6.5.3 application to the vrp6.6 ant algorithms6.7 neural networks6.8 conclusionsbibliographyⅡ important variants of the vehicle routing problem7 vrp with time windowsj.-f. cordeau, g. desaulniers, j. desrosiers, m. m. solomon, e soumis7. i introduction7.2 problem formulation7.2.1 formulation7.2.2 network lower bound7.2.3 linear programming lower bound7.2.4 algorithms7.3 upper bounds: heuristic approaches7.3.1 route construction7.3.2 route improvement7.3.3 composite heuristics7.3.4 metaheuristics7.3.5 parallel implementations7.3.6 optimization-based heuristics7.3.7 asymptotically optimal heuristics7.4 lower bounds from decomposition approaches7.4.1 lagrangian relaxation7.4.2 capacity and time-constrained shortest-path problem.7.4.3 variable splitting7.4.4 column generation7.4.5 set-partitioning formulation7.4.6 lower bound7.4.7 commodity aggregation7.4.8 hybrid approach7.5 integer solutions7.5.1 binary decisions on arc flow variables7.5.2 integer decisions on arc flow variables7.5.3 binary decisions on path flow variables7.5.4 subtour elimination and 2-path cuts7.5.5 k-path cuts and parallelism7.5.6 integer decisions on (fractional and integer) time variables7.6 special cases7.6.1 multiple tsp with time windows7.6.2 vrp with backhauls and time windows7.7 extensions7.7.1 heterogeneous fleet, multiple-depot, and initial conditions7.7.2 fleet size7.7.3 multiple time windows7.7.4 soft time windows7.7.5 time- and load-dependent costs7.7.6 driver considerations7.8 computational results for vrptw.7.9 conclusionsbibliography8 vrp with backhaulsp. toth, d. vigo8.1 introduction8.1.1 benchmark instances8.2 integer linear programming models8.2.1 formulation of toth and vigo8.2.2 formulation of mingozzi, giorgi, and baldacci8.3 relaxations8.3.1 relaxation obtained by dropping the cccs8.3.2 relaxation based on projection8.3.3 lagrangian relaxation8.3.4 overall additive lower bound8.3.5 relaxation based on the set-partitioning model8.4 exact algorithms8.4. i algorithm of toth and vigo8.4.2 algorithm of mingozzi, giorgi, and baldacci8.4.3 computational results for the exact algorithms8.5 heuristic algorithms8.5.1 algorithm of deif and bodin8.5.2 algorithms of goetschalckx and jacobs-blecha8.5.3 algorithm of toth and vigo8.5.4 computational results for the heuristicsbibliography9 vrp with pickup and deliveryg. desaulniers, j. desrosiers, a. erdmann, m. m. solomon, f. soumis9.1 introduction9.2 mathematical formulation9.2.1 construction of the networks9.2.2 formulation9.2.3 service quality9.2.4 reduction of the network size9.3 heuristics9.3.1 construction and improvement9.3.2 clustering algorithms9.3.3 metaheuristics9.3.4 neural network heuristics9.3.5 theoretical analysis of algorithms9.4 optimization-based approaches9.4.1 single vehicle cases9.4.2 multiple vehicle cases9.5 applications9.6 computational results9.7 conclusionsbibliographyⅢ applications and case studies10 routing vehicles in the real world: applications in the solid waste,beverage, food, dairy, and newspaper industriesb. l. golden, a. a. assad, e. a. wasil10.1 introduction10.2 computerized vehicle routing in the solid waste industry10.2.1 history10.2.2 background10.2.3 commercial collection10.2.4 residential collection10.2.5 case studies10.2.6 roll-on-roll-off10.2.7 further remarks10.3 vehicle routing in the beverage, food, and dairy industries10.3.1 introduction10.3.2 beverage industry10.3.3 food industry10.3.4 dairy industry10.4 distribution and routing in the newspaper industry10.4.1 industry background10.4.2 newspaper distribution problem10.4.3 vehicle routing algorithms for ndp10.4.4 three case studies10.4.5 further remarks10.5 conclusionsbibliography11 capacitated arc routing problem with vehicle-site dependencies:the philadelphia experiencej. sniezek, l. bodin, l. levy, m. ball11.1 introduction11.2 networks, assumptions, and goals of the carp-vsd11.2.1 travel network11.2.2 service network11.2.3 vehicle classes11.2.4 travel network and service network for a vehicle class11.2.5 vehicle preference list11.2.6 other assumptions11.2.7 goals and constraints of the carp-vsd11.3 vehicle decomposition algorithm (vda)11.3.1 step a. create and verify vehicle class networks11.3.2 step b. estimate total work and determine initial fleet mix11.3.3 step c. partition the service network11.3.4 step d. determine travel path and balance the partitions11.3.5 step e. revise estimate of total work and adjust fleet mix11.4 implementation of the vda in philadelphia11.5 enhancements and extensionsbibliography12 inventory routing in practiceann m. campbell, lloyd w. clarke, martin w.p. savelsbergh12.1 introduction12.2 problem definition12.3 literature review12.4 solution approach12.4.1 phase i: integer programming model12.4.2 phase i: solving the integer programming model12.4.3 phase ii: scheduling12.5 computational experience12.5.1 instances12.5.2 solution quality12.5.3 alternate heuristic12.5.4 computational experiments12.6 conclusionbibliography13 routing under uncertainty: an application in the scheduling of fieldservice engineerse. hadjiconstantinou, d. roberts13.1 introduction13.2 vrpsst with variable costs of recourse13.3 literature review13.3.1 vrpst13.3.2 vrpsd13.4 stochastic integer vrpsst formulation13.4.1 first-stage problem13.4.2 second-stage problem13.5 paired tree search algorithm (ptsa)13.5.1 linked trees13.5.2 lower bounds13.5.3 computational implementation13.6 applied maintenance scheduling problem13.6.1 maintenance scheduling system in practice13.6.2 stochastic problem setting13.7 modeling the applied problem as a vrpsst13.8 model input13.8.1 job locations and the road network13.8.2 service times13.9 model output: computational considerations13.9.1 framework for the analysis of results13.9.2 reoptimization13.10 example scenario13.11 overall computational results13.12 conclusionbibliography14 evolution of microcomputer-based vehicle routing software:case studies in the united statese. k. baker14.1 introduction14.2 definition of the vrp14.2.1 customer specification14.2.2 product specification14.2.3 vehicle specification14.3 algorithms14.4 future trends in vehicle routing software14.5 summary and conclusionsbibliographyindex

求财金英语专业术语，英汉都要有的

这里还有更多。http://www.geocities.jp/ps_dictionary/cedic2/101.htm
absolute change 绝对数值变更
absolute expenditure 实际开支
absolute guideline figure 绝对准则数字
absolute interest 绝对权益
absolute order of discharge 绝对破产解除令
absolute profit margin 绝对利润幅度
absolute value 实值；绝对值
absolutely vested interest 绝对既得权益
absorbed cost 已吸收成本；已分摊成本
absorption 吸收；分摊；合并
absorption rate 吸收率；摊配率；分摊率
ACB Finance Limited 亚洲商业财务有限公司
acceptable form of reciprocity 合理的互惠条件
acceptable rate 适当利率；适当汇率
A share A股；甲类股份
abatement of tax 减税；减扣免税额
ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 荷兰银行
above-the-line expenditure 在线项目支出；经常预算支出
above-the-line receipt 在线项目收入；经常预算收入
ABSA Asia Limited 南非联合亚洲有限公司
acceptance agreement 承兑协议
acceptance for honour 参加承兑
acceptor 承兑人；接受人；受票人
acceptor for honour 参加承兑人
accident insurance 意外保险
Accident Insurance Association of Hong Kong 香港意外保险公会
accident insurance scheme 意外保险计划
accident year basis 意外年度基准
accommodation 通融；贷款
accommodation bill 通融票据；空头票据
accommodation party 汇票代发人
account balance 账户余额；账户结余
account book 帐簿
account collected in advance 预收款项
account current book 往来帐簿
account of after-acquired property 事后取得的财产报告
account of defaulter 拖欠帐目
account payable 应付帐款
account payee only 只可转帐；存入收款人账户
account receivable 应收帐款
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account receivable report 应收帐款报表
account statement 结单；账单；会计财务报表
account title 账户名称；会计科目
accountant's report 会计师报告
Accountant's Report Rules 会计师报告规则
accounting and auditing procedure 会计与审计程序；会计与核数程序
Accounting Arrangements 《会计安排》
accounting basis 会计基础
accounting by Official Receiver 破产管理署署长呈交的帐目
Accounting Circular 《会计通告》
accounting class 会计类别
accounting date 记帐日期；会计结算日期
accounting for money 款项核算
Accounting Officer 会计主任
accounting period 会计报告期；会计期
accounting policy 会计政策；会计方针
accounting practice 会计惯例
accounting principle 会计准则
accounting record 会计记录
accounting report 会计报告
Accounting Services Branch 会计事务部〔库务署〕
Accounting Society of China 中国会计学会
accounting statement 会计报表
accounting system 会计制度；会计系统
accounting transaction 会计事项；帐务交易
accounting treatment 会计处理
accounting year 会计年度
accretion 增值；添加
accrual 应计项目；应累算数目
accrual basis 应计制；权责发生制
accrual basis accounting 应计制会计；权责发生制会计
accrue 应累算；应计
accrued benefit 应累算利益
accrued charges 应计费用
accrued cumulative preference share dividend 应累算的累积优先股股息
accrued expenses 应累算费用
accrued interest payable 应付利息；应计未付利息
accrued interest receivable 应收利息；应计未收利息
accrued right 累算权益
accruing profit 应累算的利润
accumulated fiscal reserve 累积财政储备
accumulated profit 累积利润；滚存溢利
accumulated reserve 累积储备
accumulation of surplus income 累积收益盈余
2
acquired assets 既得资产
acquisition 收购；购置；取得
acquisition cost 购置成本
acquisition expenses 购置费用
acquisition of 100% interest 收购全部股权
acquisition of control 取得控制权
acquisition of fixed assets 购置固定资产
acquisition of shell “买壳”
acquisition price 收购价
act of God 天灾
acting partner 执事合伙人
active market 买卖活跃的市场；交投畅旺的市场；旺市
active partner 积极参与的合伙人
active trading 交投活跃
actual circulation 实际流通
actual cost 实际成本
actual expenditure 实际开支；实际支出
actual income 实际入息；实际收入；实际收益
actual market 现货市场
actual price 现货价；实际价格
actual profit 实际利润
actual quotation 实盘；实际价位；实际报价
actual year basis 按实际年度计算
actuals 实货
actuarial investigation 精算调查
actuarial principle 精算原则
actuarial report 精算师报告
Actuarial Society of Hong Kong 香港精算学会
actuarial valuation 精算师估值
actuary 精算师
ad referendum agreement 暂定协议；有待复核的协定
ad valorem duty 从价税；按值征税
ad valorem duty system 从价税制
ad valorem fee 从价费
ad valorem tariff 从价关税
additional allowance 额外免税额
additional amount for unexpired risk 未过期风险的额外款额
additional assessable profit 补加应评税利润
additional assessment 补加评税
additional commitment 额外承担
additional commitment vote 额外承担拨款
additional dependent grandparent allowance 供养祖父母或外祖父母额外免税额
additional dependent parent allowance 供养父母额外免税额
additional provision 额外拨款
3
additional stamp duty 附加印花税
additional tax 补加税罚款；补加税款
Additional Tax Demand Note 缴纳补加税罚款通知书；缴纳补加税款通知书
adjudged bankrupt 被裁定破产
adjudicated bankrupt 裁定破产人
adjudication fee 裁定费；评定印花税额手续费；评估契据费
adjudication of bankruptcy 裁定破产；宣告破产
adjudication of insolvency 裁定无力偿还债务
adjusted actual 经调整的实数；调整后的实数
adjusted current assets 经调整的流动资产；调整后的流动资产
adjusted figure 经调整的数字；调整后的数额
adjusted liabilities 经调整的负债；调整后的负债
adjusted loss 经调整的亏损；调整后的亏损
adjusted net admissible assets 经调整的可接纳资产净值；调整后的可接纳资产净值
adjusted profit 经调整的利润；调整后的利润
adjusted surplus 经调整的盈余额；调整后的盈余额
adjusted value 经调整的价值；调整后的价值
adjustment 调整；修订；理算〔保险〕
adjustment centre 调剂中心
adjustment lag 调整过程的时间差距；调整时差
adjustment mechanism 调整机制
adjustment of loss 亏损调整
adjustment process 调整过程；调整程序
adjustment range 调整幅度
administered exchange rate 受管制汇率
Administration Division 行政处〔香港金融管理局〕
administration expenses 行政费用
administration fee 手续费；行政费
administration in bankruptcy 破产管理
administration order 遗产管理令
administrator 管理人；遗产管理人
administrator of the estate 遗产管理人
admission of debt 债项承认书
admission of proof 接纳债权证明
advance 放贷款项；垫付款项；预支款项；预付款项
advance account 暂支帐目；预付款账户
advance compensation 预付补偿金
advance from shareholder 股东垫款
advance pending reimbursement 预支以待日后付还
advanced economy 先进经济体系
advancement 预付；预付财产
advances warrant 垫款令
advancing 贷出
adverse balance 逆差
4
adverse exchange 逆汇
advertisement addressed to shareholders 在报章刊登的致股东通告
advice for collection 托收通知书
advice of drawing 提款通知书；汇票通知书
advice of payment 付款通知
Advisory Committee 咨询委员会〔证券及期货事务监察委
员会〕
Advisory Committee on Diversification 经济多元化咨询委员会
affidavit 誓章；遗产申报誓章
affidavit of no receipt 述明无收款的誓章
affiliate 联号；联营公司；附属公司
affiliated company 附属公司；联号；联营公司
affirmation 非宗教式宣誓〔遗产税〕
affordability 负担能力
African Development Bank 非洲开发银行
after-acquired property 事后取得的财产
after-hours dealing 市后交易
after-tax profit 税后盈利；税后利润；税后溢利
agency agreement 代理协议
agency expenses 代理机构的开支
agency fee 代理费
Agency Law 《代理法》
agent 代理人；承销人
agent of company 公司代理人
agent's fee 代理人费；经纪费
aggregate 总计；总数；总体数字
aggregate amount 总款额；总额
aggregate assets and liabilities 总体资产与负债
aggregate at constant price 按固定价格计算的总体数字
aggregate demand 总需求
aggregate gross position 总持仓量
aggregate limit 总限额
aggregate of salaries tax 合计薪俸税
aggregate performance 总体表现；总体业绩
aggregate supply 总体供应
aggregate surplus 总盈余
aggregate total 整体总额
aggregate value 总值；合计价值
aggregated basis 合计基准
aggregated net chargeable income 合计应课税入息实额
aggregation 合并计算；合计；总和
aggregation of incomes of husband and wife 夫妇入息合并计算
aggregation of property 财产的总和
agio 差价；贴水
5
Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of Japan for the
Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和日本政府关于相互促进和保护投资协
议》
Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of
Austria for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和奥地利共和国政府关于相
互促进和保护投资协议》
Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of
France for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和法兰西共和国政府关于相
互促进和保护投资协议》
Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of Korea
for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和大韩民国政府关于相互促进和保
护投资协议》
agreement for a settlement 授产协议
agreement for assignment 转让协议
agreement for sale 售卖协议；买卖协议
agreement for sale and purchase 买卖协议
agreement for the payment of interest 支付利息协议
agreement for the repayment of money 还款协议
agreement of reinsurance 再保险协议
Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行
air passenger departure tax 飞机乘客离境税
Air Services Negotiations Unit 民航运输谈判组〔经济局〕
airport tax 机场税
alcohol duty 酒精税
alienation 让与；让渡；转让
alimony 生活费；赡养费
All Ordinaries Index 所有普通股指数
all risks 全险；综合险
All Sales Record for Stock Market 《股票市场成交报告》
Allied Capital Resources Limited 新联财务有限公司
all-items index 总指数〔消费物价指数〕
allocation letter 拨款信件
allocation of fund 分配款项；预留款项
allocation of profit 利润分配；溢利分配
allocation warrant 拨款令
allotment 分配；配股
allotment notice 股份配售通知；配股通知
allotment of shares 股份分配
allowable 可获宽免；免税的
allowable business loss 可扣除的营业亏损
allowable expenses 可扣税的支出
allowance 免税额；津贴；备抵；准备金
allowance for debts 债项的免税额
allowance for depreciation by wear and tear 耗损折旧免税额
6
allowance for funeral expenses 殡殓费的免税额
allowance for inflation 为通货膨胀而预留的款项；通胀准备金
allowance for repairs and outgoings 修葺及支出方面的免税额
allowance to debtor 给债务人的津贴
alteration of capital 资本更改
alternate trustee 候补受托人
amalgamation 合并
ambit 涵盖范围〔开支总目或分目〕
ambit of charges 征税范围；收费范围
ownership 所有权；拥有权
ownership in common 分权共有权
Pacific Basin Central Bank Conference 太平洋地区中央银行会议
Pacific Basin Economic Council 太平洋地区经济议会
Pacific Economic Co-operation Council 太平洋经济合作议会
Pacific Economic Outlook 《太平洋经济展望》
Pacific Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 怡泰富财务（香港）有限公司
package 整套方案
package concept 整体发展概念
package development 组合发展；整体发展
packing credit 打包贷款；打包放款
packing loan 打包放款
paid-in capital 实缴资本；实缴股本
paid-in share 实收股份
paid-up capital 缴足股本
paid-up share capital 缴足款股本
panic buying 恐慌性抢购
panic selling 恐慌性抛售
paper 票据；文件
paper clearing system 票据交换制度
paper gold 纸黄金
paper profit 账面利润；纸上利润
par of exchange 汇兑平价
par value 票面值
parallel transaction 平行交易
parent company 母公司；控股公司
pari passu 平等权利；同等权益；按相同比例
Paris Bourse 巴黎证券交易所
parity of pay 同等薪酬
parity of subsidy principle 相同津贴的原则；平等津贴原则
part owner 有部分拥有权的人
part ownership 部分所有权
partial bid 部分收购建议
partial endorsement 部分背书
partial offer 部分要约
partial return of contribution 发还部分供款
partial settlement 部分交收
participant 参与者
participating preference share 参与优先股
participation 参与；参加；参股
participation in profit 分红
partly paid share 已缴部分股款的股份
partly paid share capital 已缴部分股款的股本
下面网站里面有很多
建议您去书店找.
acquiring company 收购公司
bad loan 呆帐
chart of cash flow 现金流量表
clearly-established ownership 产权清晰
debt to equity 债转股
diversity of equities 股权多元化
economy of scale 规模经济
emerging economies 新兴经济
exchange-rate regime 汇率机制
fund and financing 筹资融资
global financial architecture 全球金融体系
global integration, globality 全球一体化，全球化
go public 上市
growth spurt （经济的）急剧增长
have one's "two commas" 百万富翁
hedge against 套期保值
housing mortgage 住房按揭
holdings 控股，所持股份
holding company 控股公司
initial offerings 原始股
initial public offerings 首次公募
innovative business 创新企业
intellectual capital 智力资本
inter-bank lending 拆借
internet customer 网上客户
investment payoff period 投资回收期
joint-stock 参股
mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人
means of production 生产要素
(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases
大病医疗费用社会统筹
mergers and acquisitions 并购
mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业
moods 人气
net potato 网虫
non-store seling 直销
offering 新股
online-banking 网上银行业
online-finance 在线金融
online client （银行的）网上客户
paper profit 帐面收益
physical assets 有形资产
project fund system 项目资本金制度
pyramid sale 传销
recapitalize 资产重组
regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团
regulate 调控
sell off 变现
share(stock) option 期权，股票认购权
smart card 智能卡
slash prices 杀价
spare capacity 闲置的生产能力
strong growth 强劲的增长势头
switch trade 转手贸易
take…public 上市
tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产
transaction （银行的） 交易
transfer payment from the exchequer
财政转移支付
venture-capital 风险资本
virtual bank 虚拟银行
wire transfer 电子转帐
经济金融术语汉英对照表 D
D
打白条 issue IOU
大额存单 certificate of deposit（CD）
大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts
大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline
大一统的银行体制 （all-in-one）mono-bank system
呆账（请见“坏账”） bad loans
呆账准备金 loan loss reserves（provisions）
呆滞贷款 idle loans
贷款沉淀 non-performing loans
贷款分类 loan classification
贷款限额管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling
贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism
代理国库 to act as fiscal agent
代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions
戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans
倒逼机制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition
道德风险 moral hazard
地区差别 regional disparity
第一产业 the primary industry
第二产业 the secondary industry
第三产业 the service industry;the tertiary industry
递延资产 deferrable assets
订货不足 insufficient orders
定期存款 time deposits
定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources
东道国（请见“母国”） host country
独立核算 independent accounting
短期国债 treasury bills
对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging
对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector
多种所有制形式 diversified ownership
经济金融术语汉英对照表 E-F
E
恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
二级市场 secondary market
F
发行货币 to issue currency
发行总股本 total stock issue
法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement
法人股 institutional shares
法人股东 institutional shareholders
法治 rule of law
房地产投资 real estate investment
放松银根 to ease monetary policy
非现场稽核 off-site surveillance（or monitoring）
非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions
非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations
分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system
分业经营 segregation of financial business（services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions
风险暴露（风险敞口） risk exposure
风险管理 risk management
风险意识 risk awareness
风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios
风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard
服务事业收入 public service charges;user's charges
扶贫 poverty alleviation
负增长 negative growth
复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account
经济金融术语汉英对照表 G
G
改革试点 reform experimentation
杠杆率 leverage ratio
杠杆收购 leveraged buyout
高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest
个人股 non-institutional shares
根本扭转 fundamental turnaround（or reversal）
公开市场操作 open market operations
公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts
公用事业 public utilities
公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector
公有制 public ownership
工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio
工业增加值 industrial value added
供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply
鼓励措施 incentives
股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises
股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises
股份制银行 joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans
关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption
关税减让 tariff concessions
关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment
规范行为 to regularize（or standardize）…behavior
规模效益 economies of scale
国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood
国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals
国家风险 country risk
国际分工 international division of labor
国际收支 balance of payments
国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks
国有经济（部门） the state-owned（or public）sector
国有企业 state-owned enterprises（SOEs）
国有制 state-ownership
国有资产流失 erosion of state assets
国债回购 government securities repurchase
国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities
过度竞争 excessive competition
过度膨胀 excessive expansion
过热迹象 signs of overheating
经济金融术语汉英对照表 H
H
合理预期 rational expectation
核心资本 core capital
合资企业 joint-venture enterprises
红利 dividend
宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance
宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals
宏观调控 macroeconomic management（or adjustment）
宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives（or targets）
坏账 bad debt
还本付息 debt service
换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings
汇兑在途 funds in float
汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank
汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates
活期存款 demand deposits
汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment
混合所有制 diversified（mixed）ownership
货币政策态势 monetary policy stance
货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers
经济金融术语汉英对照表 J
J
基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure
基本经济要素 economic fundamentals
基本适度 broadly appropriate
基准利率 benchmark interest rate
机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions
机会成本 opportunity cost
激励机制 incentive mechanism
积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory
挤提存款 run on banks
挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses）
技改投资 investment in technological upgrading
技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product
计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status
计划经济 planned economy
集体经济 the collective sector
加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment
加工贸易 processing trade
加快态势 accelerating trend
加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration
加权价 weighted average price
价格放开 price liberalization
价格形成机制 pricing mechanism
减亏 to reduce losses
简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify（streamline）procedures
交投活跃 brisk trading
缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves
结构扭曲 structural distortion
结构失调 structural imbalance
结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance
结构优化 structural improvement（optimization）
结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange
金融脆弱 financial fragility
金融动荡 financial turbulence
金融风波 financial disturbance
金融恐慌 financial panic
金融危机 financial crisis
金融压抑 financial repression
金融衍生物 financial derivatives
金融诈骗 financial fraud
紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy
紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies
经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility
经济特区 special economic zones（SEZs）
经济体制改革 economic reform
经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）
经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth
经济制裁 economic sanction
经营自主权 autonomy in management
景气回升 recovery in business activity
境外投资 overseas investment
竞争加剧 intensifying competition
局部性金融风波 localized（isolated）financial disturbance
经济金融术语汉英对照表 K-L
K
开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business
可维持（可持续）经济增长 sustainable economic growth
可变成本 variable cost
可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency
控制现金投放 control currency issuance
扣除物价因素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis
库存产品 inventory
跨国银行业务 cross-border banking
跨年度采购 cross-year procurement
会计准则 accounting standard
L
来料加工 processing of imported materials for export
离岸银行业务 off-shore banking（business）
理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime
利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation
利润驱动 profit-driven
利息回收率 interest collection ratio
联行清算 inter-bank settlement
连锁企业 franchise（businesses）;chain businesses
良性循环 virtuous cycle
两极分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution
零售物价指数 retail price index（RPI）
流动性比例 liquidity ratio
流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets
流动资金贷款 working capital loans
流通体制 distribution system
流通网络 distribution network
留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物） hire purchase
垄断行业 monopolized industry（sector）
乱集资 irregular（illegal）fund raising
乱收费 irregular（illegal）charges
乱摊派 unjustified（arbitrary）levies
经济金融术语汉英对照表 M-P
M
买方市场 buyer's market
卖方市场 seller's market
卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo
贸易差额 trade balance
民间信用 non-institutionalized credit
免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years
明补 explicit subsidy
明亏 explicit loss
名牌产品 brand products
母国（请见“东道国”） home country
N
内部控制 internal control
内部审计 internal audit
内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong
内债 domestic debt
扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources
农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement
农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）
P
泡沫效应 bubble effect
泡沫经济 bubble economy
培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth
片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth
平衡发展 balanced development
瓶颈制约 bottleneck（constraints）
平稳回升 steady recovery
铺底流动资金 initial（start-up）working capital
普遍回升 broad-based recovery
配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms
配套人民币资金 local currency funding of…
经济金融术语汉英对照表 Q-R
Q
企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities
企业集团战略 corporate group strategy
企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring
企业领导班子 enterprise management
企业所得税 enterprise（corporate）income tax
企业效益 corporate profitability
企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market
欠税 tax arrears
欠息 overdue interest
强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration
强制措施 enforcement action
翘尾因素 carryover effect
切一刀 partial application
清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans
（破产）清算 liquidation
倾斜政策 preferential policy
区别对待 differential treatment
趋势加强 intensifying trend
全球化 globalization
权益回报率 returns on equity（ROE）
缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum
R
绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling
人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP
人均收入 per capita income
人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）
认缴资本 subscribed capital
软贷款 soft loans
软预算约束 soft budget constraint
软着陆 soft landing
经济金融术语汉英对照表 W-X
W
外部审计 external audit
外国直接投资 foreign direct investment （FDI）
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap
外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings
外向型经济 export-oriented economy
外债 external debt
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises
完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system
完税凭证 tax payment documentation
违法经营 illegal business
委托存款 entrusted deposits
稳步增长 steady growth
稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system
稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability
无纸交易 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction
物价监测 price monitoring
X
吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity
稀缺经济 scarcity economy
洗钱 money laundering
系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank
系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis
下岗工人 laid-off employees
下游企业 down-stream enterprises
现场稽核 on-site examination
现金滞留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system
乡镇企业 township and village enterprises（TVEs）
消费物价指数 consumer price index（CPI）
消费税 excise（consumption）tax
消灭财政赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit
销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system
销售平淡 lackluster sales
协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment
新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth
新开工项目 new projects;newly started projects
新增贷款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion
新增就业位置 new jobs;new job opportunities
信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings
信号失真 distorted signals
信托投资公司 trust and investment companies
信息不对称 information asymmetry
信息反馈 feedback（information）
信息共享系统 information sharing system
信息披露 information disclosure
信用扩张 credir expansion
信用评级 credit rating
姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist
行政措施 administrative measures
需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand
虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits
削减冗员 to shed excess labor force
寻租 rent seeking
迅速反弹 quick rebound
经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z
Y
养老基金 pension fund
一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
应收未收利息 overdue interest
银行网点 banking outlets
赢利能力 profitability
营业税 business tax
硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
用地审批 to grant land use right
有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
证券投资 portfolio investment
游资（热钱） hot money
有市场的产品 marketable products
有效供给 effective supply
诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
预调 pre-emptive adjustment
月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
Z
再贷款 central bank lending
在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
在途资金 fund in float
增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
增长平稳 steady growth
增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账 concealed accounts
折旧 depreciation
整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
政策工具 policy instrument
政策性业务 policy-related operations
政策性银行 policy banks
政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
支付困难 payment difficulty
支付能力 payment capacity
直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
职业道德 professional ethics
指令性措施 mandatory measures
指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
滞后影响 lagged effect
中介机构 intermediaries
中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
周转速度 velocity
主办银行 main bank
主权风险 sovereign risk
注册资本 registered capital
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
转贷 on-lending
转轨经济 transition economy
转机 turnaround
转折关头 turning point
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
资本不足 under-capitalized
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
资本利润率 return on capital
资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
资产集中 asset concentration
资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
资产质量 asset quality
资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
资金到位 fully funded （project）
资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
资金利用率 fund utilization rate
资金缺口 financing gap
资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
资金占压 funds tied up
自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
自有资金 equity fund
综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
总成交额 total contract value
总交易量 total amount of transactions
总成本 total cost
最后贷款人 lender of last resort

高分悬赏英文翻译~~

The study plan
I call xxx, graduate from Chinese river north economic trade university in 2005, the profession is a market marketing.I prepare to apply for to found a nation the university management university hospital in September, 2007 and continue to study a market marketing a course.
Before coming to Korea once at Ma private(Peking) the company work, was responsible for Tang's mountain a medium-sized market 41 catena convenience a display of store and two cabarets, retail and promoted sales a work because the product of this company was a virtuous Fu chocolate, rainbow sugar etc. candy and pet food, so belong to fast consumer goods profession.Because this profession for working experience is also very interested in, so want to emphasize to carry on a thorough research and study to the fast consumer goods profession during the period of greatly academic study.Design from the product, the set of development and construction price of outlet to promotion management at original of top in the foundation further exaltation.The economic flourishing marking of a nation usually isn't a Long to break a sex resources business enterprise, but the consumer goods business enterprise which takes to have standard, especially fast consumer goods business enterprise, fast consumer goods sometimes consume of not only only is a product, more time are a kind of cultures, so fast the consumer goods profession be an important profession which relates to national policy people's livelihood.The fast consumer goods profession occupies a count for much position in the global economy and what people daily life need consumes complement to all can not get away from it.But the fast consumer goods profession of China in addition to several mature products are whole up still be placed in an entry-level stage, also have very in many ways is treat in an exaltation, hope to pass to have results in this aspect of the study of Korea can at.
In addition network marketing's this kind of new marketing method for me is also very interested in, want to carry on a thorough study in this aspect.The information dissemination mode body of Internet appears to push an information supply and demand of pull the interaction relation, and with have no with the Lun compare of the good quality pound at a traditional information dissemination mode, what information source release is a material, what customer pull up is a respectively interested in contents, video frequency information, audio frequency information, the writing information emerges on the network in the meantime..The network medium is advantageous to exchanging a higher information dissemination an efficiency by lower cost, the network marketing can carry out a product direct selling, help a business enterprise to ease stock pressure, for business enterprise the green passage which have 1 to lead to an international market.But Chinese theories and actual situation of the network marketing, most likely still be placed in the stage which compares for the entry-level.Korea the start early has abundant ories and practices experience in China in this aspect, hope to carry on a thorough study and research to the network marketing in the greatly academic study period.And the talented person of this aspect in China be also very short of, hope that oneself can return to country to the utmost a dint after learn.
1 of modern and economic development's showing a Zhao characteristic is the booming rise of the servicing business and it is also more and more important in the position in the national economy and the importance of the service marketing is also more and more outstanding and China has already joined WTO, the overseas-funded enterprises make a forced landing China in succession, and the Chinese and Foreign service marketing war will appear white-knuckle trend.Because the development of social division of labour, science technical progress and people live the exaltation of level and quality, the service marketing is in the position and the function within management of the business enterprise marketing also important day by day.Also lack theories and valid fulfillment of system in a Chinese service marketing be still a new-born thing, so hope during the period of greatly academic study the related contents of the study and research service marketing of ability system.
I finally think that the so-called market is a population+purchasing power+purchase desire.These three factor be a check and supervision mutually, indivisibility of, only these three the knot put together and then can constitute a realistic market, then can decide the scale and capacity of market.The need leading which is showed from this a person consume, all activities of market marketing for the sake of more valid of satisfy the person's need but existence, only satisfied the person's need be a valid marketing.But in the realistic society, artificial existence and carry out oneself value but neglect the inside need of oneself, namely mental emotion need.If we can pass a marketing can not only satisfy people basic material to need to also satisfy the person's mental emotion need, so can must raise the success rate of realization commutation, also raised a market marketing of efficient.So, still prepare to the consumer during the period of greatly academic study of the mental behavior learn to carry on a thorough study and research.
Above is a my plan for period of study in the university hospital, since emphasize to carry on a thorough study and study to the mental behavior of the fast consumer goods profession, network marketing, service marketing and the consumer, hope to have results through this study.
怎么不采纳呢?
Study plan
I am xxx, graduated from the north economic trade university of Chinese river in 2005, the profession is a market marketing.I prepare to apply for to found a nation the university management university hospital in September 2007, continuing to study the market marketing course.
Come to Korean front once at private of MAshi ( Peking) the company work, be responsible for Tang's mountain medium-sized 41 catenas of market convenience store and two cabarets display, retail, promote sales the work because of this company of product is a virtuous chocolate of Defu , rainbow sugar etc. candy and the pet food, so belong to the fast consumer goods profession.Because the work experience to this profession also very interested in, so think that the study period in big college emphasize to fast the consumer goods profession carry on the thorough research and studies.Design from the product, the set of development and construction price of the outlet manages the promotion on the original foundation the further exaltation.A marking with flourishing economy of nation usually is not a to break sex resources business enterprise, but consumer goods business enterprise that takes to have the standard, especially fast consumer goods business enterprise, because the fast consumer goods sometimes consumes of not only is a product only, more times are a kind of cultures, so fast the consumer goods profession is an important profession that relates to the national policy people's livelihood.The fast consumer goods profession occupies the count for much position in global economy, the depletion that people's daily life need the complement all can not get away from it.But the fast consumer goods profession of China in addition to several product that is matures are whole up still be placed in the entry-level stage, the plenty more aspect is treat in exaltation, hope to pass in Korea of study can have the results in this aspect.
In addition I to this kind of new marketing method of the network marketing also very interested in, want to carry on the thorough study in this aspect.The information dissemination the mode body of the Internet appears to push the information supply and demand relation of pull the interaction, and pound at by having no good quality that compares with the 伦 the traditional information dissemination mode, what the information source release is a material, what customer pull up is each from the interested in contents, the video frequency information, the audio frequency information, the writing information emerges on the network at the same time..The network medium is advantageous to exchanging the higher information dissemination efficiency with the lower cost, the network marketing can carry out the product to keep sell, helping the business enterprise to ease the stock pressure, for the business enterprise have a leads to the international market of green passage.But the Chinese network marketing theories and actual situation, most likely still be placed in the stage that compares for the entry-level.Korea is in this aspect start early in China, have abundant theories and practice the experience, hope at big college of study period carry on the thorough study and researches to the network marketing.And the talented person of this aspect in China is also very short of, hoping that the oneself can return to country exhausted dint after learn.
Modern and economic development of a the show the characteristic is a servicing business of booming rise, it is in the position in the national economy also more and more important, the importance of the service marketing is also more and more outstanding, China has already joined the WTO, the overseas-funded enterprises make a forced landing China in succession, the trend that the Chinese and Foreign service marketing war will appear to turn white-hot.Along with the development of the social division of labour, technical progress of science and people the life level and the exaltation of the quantity, the service marketing is in the business enterprise marketing management of the position and the function is also increasingly important.Because a service marketing is still a new-born thing in China, still lack the theories and valid fulfillments of the system, so the hope study period ability study of the system and related contents of the research service marketings in big college.
Finally I think that so-called market is a population+ purchasing power+ purchase the desire.These three factors are check and supervisions mutually, indivisibility of, only these three knots put together the market that then can constitute the actuality, then can decide the scale and the capacity of the market.The need leading that is showed from this the person consume, all ctivities of the market marketing for the sake of the contented person's need but existences more effectively, only satisfied the person's need is just valid marketing.But in realistic society, artificial existence and carry out the oneself value but neglect the inside need of the oneself, namely mental emotion need.If we can pass the marketing to not only can satisfy the basic material of people to need return can satisfy the person's mental emotion need, can certainly raise the success rate of the realization commutation so, but also raise the market marketing efficient.So, still prepare to learn to carry on the thorough study and researches to the mental behavior of the consumer in study period of big college.
Is the plan that I studies the period to the university hospital above, since emphasize to carry on the thorough study and researches to the fast consumer goods profession, network marketing, the service marketing and the mental behavior of the consumer, hoping to have the results through this study.
Learning program
My name is xxx,2,005 years to graduate from the Chinese Hebeieconomics and trade university, specialized is the market marketing Iprepare to apply in September, 2007 to found a nation the universityto manage the big institute, continues to study the market marketingcurriculum. Came in front of South Korea once (Beijing) the company to work in theMasurium gentleman, is responsible for the Tangshan medium market 41chain-like convenience stores and two hotels exhibitions, retailed,the promotion work because this company's product was the German 芙chocolate, candy and pet food and so on rainbow sugar, thereforebelonged to the fast consumable profession. Because the workexperience also very much is interested to this profession, thereforewants in big institute's study period emphatically conducts thethorough research and the study to the fast consumable profession.From product design, channel development and construction pricehypothesis to promotion management in original foundation furtherenhancement. A state economy developed symbol often is not themonopoly resources enterprise, but has the standard consumableenterprise, specially fast consumable enterprise, because the fastconsumable sometimes expends not merely is a product, more times areone kind of culture, therefore the fast consumable profession isrelates the national economy and the people's livelihood an importantprofession. The fast consumable profession holds the count for muchstatus in the global economy, the consumption which the people dailylife needs supplemented all cannot leave it. But China's fastconsumable profession also is at the initial stage except severalmature products wholes in, but also has very variously waits for theenhancement, hoped can through be able to have the harvest in SouthKorea's study in this aspect. In addition I also very much am interested to the network marketingthis new marketing way, wants to carry on the thorough study in thisaspect. The Internet information dissemination pattern manifests onrollers interaction the information supply and demand relations, anddoes not have by the peer good quality impact tradition informationdissemination pattern, the information source promotes is the sourcematerial, the user pulls out is respectively is interested thecontent, the video information, the audio frequency information, atthe same time the writing information unfolds in the network. . Thenetwork medium is advantageous to receives in exchange for the higherinformation dissemination efficiency by a lower cost, the networkmarketing may realize the product direct sale, helps the enterprise toreduce the stock pressure, put up for the enterprise to theinternational market green channel. But the Chinese network marketingtheory and the solid service, mostly also occupies the comparativelyprimary stage. South Korea starts in this aspect is earlier thanChina, has the rich theory and the experience, hoped can in biginstitute's study period carries on the thorough study and theresearch to the network marketing. But the Chinese this aspecttalented person extremely is also deficient, after hoped oneselfstudies becomes can return to homeland a strength. A modern economy development remarkable characteristic is serviceindustry vigorously emerges, it in national economy status also moreand more important, the service marketing importance more and more isalso prominent, China has joined WTO, the foreign capital enterprisehastens to ground China in abundance, the Chinese and foreign servicemarketing big combat general appears the superheating the tendencyAlong with the social division of labor development, the science andtechnology progress as well as the people living standard and thequality enhancement, the service marketing day by day is alsoimportant in the enterprise marketing management status and thefunction. Because of in Chinese service marketing or newly emergingthings, but also lacks the system the theory and the effectivepractice, therefore hope in big institute's study period can thesystem study and the research service marketing related content. Finally I thought the so-called market is the population + purchasingpower + purchase desire. These three factors are mutually restrict,inalienable, only has these three unions to be able to constitute thereality the market, can decide the market the scale and the capacity.Thus it can be seen person's demand guidance expends, market marketingall activities all exist for the more effective satisfied person'sdemand, had has met person's need is only the effective marketing. Butin the realistic society, artificial has survived and realizes ownvalue to neglect own intrinsic demand, namely psychological emotiondemand. If we can not only be able to satisfy the people basic matterthrough the marketing to need also to be able to meet person'spsychological emotion need, then certainly can enhance the realizationexchange the success ratio, also enhanced the market marketingeffectiveness. Therefore, in big institute's study period alsoprepares to consumer's psychological behavior study to carry on thethorough study and the research. Above is I to the big institute study period plan, also emphaticallyto the fast consumable profession, the network marketing, the servicemarketing and consumer's psychological behavior carries on thethorough study and the research, hoped can have the harvest throughthis study.
Learning Program
I called xxx,2005 graduated from the China Hebei University of Economics and Trade. Marketing is a professional. I intend to apply for a September 2007 run on the founding of the University College, continue to learn marketing courses.
Korean ago in Mashi (Beijing) Co., Tangshan market for medium chain of 41 convenience stores and two hotels display, distribution, work as marketing of the company's products are Defu chocolate, rainbow sugar candy and pet food, So is FMCG industry. As the experience of the industry is also very interested, I want to major in college during the study focused on FMCG industry to conduct in-depth research and study. From product design, channel development and construction of the price setting of the original sales management on the basis of further improvement. Developed a national economic signs are often monopolistic enterprises resources, but with the standard of consumer goods business, particularly FMCG enterprises, sometimes because of the rapid consumption of consumer goods are not the only products, more time is a culture, So FMCG industry is the livelihood of an important industry. FMCG industry in the global economy occupies a very important position, People consumption of daily necessities are indispensable complement it. China's FMCG industry with a few mature products on the whole are still at the primary stage, There are many aspects to be improved, hope to be able to study in South Korea in this regard to gain something.
In addition to my network marketing of this new marketing approach is also very interested in this area to conduct an in-depth study. Internet information dissemination model reflects the push-pull interaction between supply and demand information, and with unmatched in the high quality impact of the traditional mode of information dissemination, the information source material is introduced, users out of the respective elements of interest, and video information, audio information, textual information in the network show. . Media networks to a lower cost for the higher efficiency of the dissemination of information, network marketing products can be direct marketing, help enterprises reduce inventory pressure, to set up enterprises in the international market leading to a green channel. However, China's network marketing theory and practice, and most are still at the primary stage more. South Korea in this regard started back in China, has a rich theoretical and practical experience, hope to be in a big college studying marketing network during the in-depth study and research. And the Chinese people in this regard are very scarce, I hope to return home after your studies to the utmost.
Modern economic development of a significant feature of the service is booming, and its status as the national economy has become more and more important The importance of marketing services has become increasingly acute, China has joined, foreign-invested enterprises have vied for China, WTO Chinese and foreign service marketing war will appear white-hot trend. Along with the development of the social division of labor, Scientific and technological progress and people's living standards and improving the quality of Marketing services in the marketing management of the position and role have become increasingly important. This is because in China marketing services or a new thing, the lack of an effective theory and practice I hope in college to study during the study and research services related to the marketing content.
Eventually, I think that the market is the so-called population + + purchasing power to buy desires. These three factors are interrelated constraints, inseparable, the three combined to pose a real market, can decide the size of the market and capacity. So the demand guide consumption, and marketing of all activities in order to more effectively meet the needs exist, only by meeting the people's needs is effective marketing. In reality, in order to survive and to realize their own values and ignore their own internal demand, that is, psychological emotional needs. If we pass marketing people can not only meet the basic material needs but also to meet the psychological needs of emotion, Then they can achieve exchange rate of success will increase the marketing efficiency. Therefore, in learning during college is also prepared to consumers psychological behavior in-depth study and research.
These are the big college I was studying plans, focusing on FMCG industry, network marketing, marketing services and consumer psychology conduct in-depth study and research, this study hope to be able to gain something.

LINGO程序 出现unexpected Jacobian overflow 求解

sets:
gongying/1..6/:capacity;
xuqiu/1..8/:demand;
links(gongying,xuqiu):cost,x;
endsets
data:
capacity=60 55 51 43 41 52;
demand=35 37 22 32 41 32 43 38;
cost=6 2 6 7 4 2 9 7
4 9 5 3 8 5 8 2
5 2 1 9 7 4 3 3
7 6 7 3 9 2 7 1
2 3 9 5 7 2 6 5
5 5 2 2 8 1 4 3;
enddata
min=@sum(links(i,j):cost(i,j)*x(i,j));
@for(gongying(i):@sum(xuqiu(j):x(i,j))<=capacity(i));
@for(xuqiu(j):@sum(gongying(i):x(i,j))=demand(j));
end
@for(supply(i):[SUPPLY_CON] @sum(demand(j):c(j,i)) <=e(i); );

高手 汉译英

New medium generous come to the fore
Key words: new media environment, information and communication technologies
Large influx of new media, traditional media have a direct impact on the audience share and advertising budget, such as news sites, building direct television division of the traditional media market, cell phone text messages, streaming media, such as online games and indirect diversion of the people of the traditional media Consumer interests and abilities; Second, the new media across the traditional forms of media and administrative barriers to the border to pure information and a purely commercial gesture, formed a cross-media communication and inter-regional spread of the Chief of the competition.
The new media has led to changes in consumer preferences. Directly from the consumer audience that is, they may come into contact with a growing number of media and information, the information dissemination process has also become increasingly involved in the high-capacity and requirements of different forms of media, communication between the state The switching speed faster and faster, the spread of the new state of traditional mass media, "the public" is gradually become a "minority." The balance of the media market, increasing supply from the demand side to side.
At present, new media markets division, I think about: mobile media; IPTV \ digital TV \ mobile TV; portal; e-mail; blog, podcast, and so on.
In the new media age, target markets and even broken down into individual, "a different crowd," and even the evolution of a "different person", each of the individual dealers will have as a brand, all products should be carried out against the personality to sell . According to the need for "a different crowd," features the option of using "a different language" to communicate the most important aspect is the analysis of the "different groups of people," the use of the media habits, in order to "various media" in the search for a suitable carrier.
I think the most important advantage of the new media is unmatched by traditional media with the interactivity. Completely personalized information can be served almost at the same time so many people, each of the participants, whether they are publishers, communicators, or consumers, content possess a reciprocal and mutual control. IPTV, Internet communities, forums, blog, instant messaging, text messaging, cell phones and other media reported the emergence of new forms and greatly mobilizes the user's initiative, the feedback obtained in a timely manner, in order to build a strong new media popularity. In this sense, the media, new media, the return of real property --- customer demand-driven.
In addition, the new media in theory it can be said that the realization of the newspapers, radio, television and other traditional media to disseminate all forms. Internet media can produce similar themes newspapers as well as live text, live video, and flash animation, more interactive user forums. These all-round, three-dimensional, without Borders bombing of the information, caused by the spread of the effect of traditional media can not be achieved. Also, if the traditional media by geographical or time constraints, the new media greatly from the constraints of time and space. Therefore, the new mass media, fast, interactive, non-industry, multi-media, and other characteristics of the new media has a great vitality.
For example, mobile media, many people think that small mobile phone screen is the fifth of the restrictions on the media, this is a very representative, because many new cell phones on the traditional media have a way of thinking on the cognitive inertia, we habitually believe that the mobile phone screen Under the video you can feel? I think the small mobile phone screen, just the fifth largest media features, such thinking is in fact the traditional media to understand the thinking of the new media. After all, there are now 100 million people in the media to see the small screen. Small mobile media, which happens to be the greatest feature of the media, the media away from us because the eye is only 10 cm, imagine, I can see 10 centimeters away from the 29-inch TV you? It is precisely because of the small screen, so it can immediately transmit the information can at any time. On the other hand to the problem.
Key words: new media environment, information and communication technologies
Large influx of new media, traditional media have a direct impact on the audience share and advertising budget, such as news sites, building direct television division of the traditional media market, cell phone text messages, streaming media, such as online games and indirect diversion of the people of the traditional media Consumer interests and abilities; Second, the new media across the traditional forms of media and administrative barriers to the border to pure information and a purely commercial gesture, formed a cross-media communication and inter-regional spread of the Chief of the competition.
The new media has led to changes in consumer preferences. Directly from the consumer audience that is, they may come into contact with a growing number of media and information, the information dissemination process has also become increasingly involved in the high-capacity and requirements of different forms of media, communication between the state The switching speed faster and faster, the spread of the new state of traditional mass media, "the public" is gradually become a "minority." The balance of the media market, increasing supply from the demand side to side.
At present, new media markets division, I think about: mobile media; IPTV \ digital TV \ mobile TV; portal; e-mail; blog, podcast, and so on.
In the new media age, target markets and even broken down into individual, "a different crowd," and even the evolution of a "different person", each of the individual dealers will have as a brand, all products should be carried out against the personality to sell . According to the need for "a different crowd," features the option of using "a different language" to communicate the most important aspect is the analysis of the "different groups of people," the use of the media habits, in order to "various media" in the search for a suitable carrier.
I think the most important advantage of the new media is unmatched by traditional media with the interactivity. Completely personalized information can be served almost at the same time so many people, each of the participants, whether they are publishers, communicators, or consumers, content possess a reciprocal and mutual control. IPTV, Internet communities, forums, blog, instant messaging, text messaging, cell phones and other media reported the emergence of new forms and greatly mobilizes the user's initiative, the feedback obtained in a timely manner, in order to build a strong new media popularity. In this sense, the media, new media, the return of real property --- customer demand-driven.
In addition, the new media in theory it can be said that the realization of the newspapers, radio, television and other traditional media to disseminate all forms. Internet media can produce similar themes newspapers as well as live text, live video, and flash animation, more interactive user forums. These all-round, three-dimensional, without Borders bombing of the information, caused by the spread of the effect of traditional media can not be achieved. Also, if the traditional media by geographical or time constraints, the new media greatly from the constraints of time and space. Therefore, the new mass media, fast, interactive, non-industry, multi-media, and other characteristics of the new media has a great vitality.
For example, mobile media, many people think that small mobile phone screen is the fifth of the restrictions on the media, this is a very representative, because many new cell phones on the traditional media have a way of thinking on the cognitive inertia, we habitually believe that the mobile phone screen Under the video you can feel? I think the small mobile phone screen, just the fifth largest media features, such thinking is in fact the traditional media to understand the thinking of the new media. After all, there are now 100 million people in the media to see the small screen. Small mobile media, which happens to be the greatest feature of the media, the media away from us because the eye is only 10 cm, imagine, I can see 10 centimeters away from the 29-inch TV you? It is precisely because of the small screen, so it can immediately transmit the information can at any time. On the other hand to the problem

急急！！英语演讲稿！追加！！！

Presently, a new lifestyle called low carbon life is spreading every corner of our country. The concepts of low carbon are low energy and no waste. It is such a significant project that I can’t wait to present my ideas on how to promote it.
On the first place, a no-car day is supposed to set up every week in our school. Because cars not only cause serious air pollution but also waste energy. On no-car day, neither students nor teachers are allowed to drive to school. Meanwhile, just walk, jump, cycle or run. Use our legs and enjoy the fun.
On the second place, we had best not use plastic bags any more. No one can stand the “white pollution”. So, it is wise to use bags which can be reused again and again.
Finally, one thing that we should keep in mind: every big thing comes from the subtle. Therefore, as students, we ought to turn out the lights the moment we leave, turn off the tap in time, and reuse our textbook and so on.
All in all, it weighs greatly for all of us to put the low carbon lifestyle into practice. Just set our mind to these: no-car day, no plastic bags, and no waste. Let’s do it now.
你再看看这个吧
In this there is also some of the carbon trading mechanisms, such as emission reductions for developed countries to bear when the emission reduction targets by developing countries to reduce subsidies in developing countries to achieve the objective of reducing emissions. The emissions of six greenhouse gas emissions which, we believe that this which can make a reduction in the amount of calculation, the total of the plate in the inside, the United States decreased by 30 million tonnes of emissions, then how such emission reductions it ? An energy efficient way, such as building energy accounted for 40% to 50%, the cost is relatively low, transportation accounted for 20% to 30% more money another way
Such as investment in new energy vehicles, this car is more expensive, the cheapest way is to segment solar, we have the economic effect of speaking, solar energy is the most economical, then the amount of building is the largest.
Low-carbon economic revolution fourth birth, the first economic revolution was the steam engine, the second industrial revolution is the power, the third is the information revolution, this time in a new energy revolution, to prevent the depletion of renewable energy to prevent global warming, action to save the planet.
Now countries are increasing the proportion of new energy sources, this is the year 2020 20% of transportation energy, is in change, energy consumption is also changing. New energy revolution, the top place is a power aspects, such as the United States standards, the United States in 2020 is 25%, Britain 30%, China's target is very ambitious, we feel that in the traditional economy which has reached a limit, the urban population is now an average of 200 million tons per steel, when the largest output in the United States is so great,
So from now we look at iron and steel production capacity is already a surplus, but in its development of new energy, the speed is very large, such as solar, we basically from scratch, wind energy's growth is very fast, these industries We believe that high growth companies, you save up the economy beyond the traditional to the inventory of another problem, but the new energy economy, then it is a very great demand.
Current solar energy market is from Spain and Germany, led the two small countries, with the United States, China, Japan to subsidize solar energy after the beginning, we believe that the largest solar market after should be in there among the three countries, solar energy is scratch, we feel that its space is very huge.
Wind power, then China's generating capacity is 800 million million, the current wind power is the closest to the cost of thermal power reached 0.4 to 0.6 yuan, we have now is the world's fourth largest wind power installed capacity of the country, the pace of growth is very fast , is expected to soon be able to surpass the U.S. as the world's first wind-power generators States.
If nuclear power, France, Korea, Japan, the very fast development in this industry, our development of space will be very great. Network connection, because the load during the day and night is not the same load, so there is a process of division-type online, interactive generation, then electricity before you, but since you installed solar panels at home, you to generate electricity, you can also sell power grid, which is an interactive situation.
New energy power generation of the most important change is the new energy vehicles, because the automotive industry worldwide 800 million, this year we China has surpassed the U.S. as the automotive consumer, that rate continues, this energy are not enough, so the faster development of this industry, then, so we need new energy vehicles to solve this problem, you have to buy a car, car and resource constraints of the conflict, it is necessary to solve the new energy vehicles. For the old economy, the status of a recession, but if the new economy, its development and space are very large.
Now the new energy vehicle is divided into three growth levels, a car, battery, battery materials there, this regard, we believe that a revolution will happen, now the core of the new energy industry is the battery, wind power to energy storage, nucleus is unstable, this network also need batteries, battery energy storage is the new tool is called the fourth meeting of the Industrial Revolution.
中文翻译是在这个里面还有一些碳交易的机制，比如发达国家在承担减排量的时候，可以通过发展中国家的减排指标来达到减少资助发展中国家的减少排放的目的。这个排放里面六种温室气体的排放，我们认为这个里面可以做出一个减排的量的测算，在这个总的盘子里面，美国减少30亿吨的排放量的话，这种减排怎么减排呢？一种节能的方式，比如建筑物节能占了40%～50%，成本是比较低的，交通运输占了20%～30%，另外一个比较花钱的方式，比如投资新能源汽车，这种汽车是比较贵的，最便宜的方式是分部式太阳能，我们从经济效果来讲，太阳能是最经济的，那么建筑物的量是最大的。
低碳催生第四次经济革命，第一次经济革命是蒸汽机，第二次产业革命是电力，第三次是信息革命，那么这一次又是新能源革命，防止再生能源的枯竭，防止地球变暖，拯救地球的行动。
现在各个国家正在提高新能源的比例，这个都是在2020年之前达到20%左右，能源的运输方式也是在发生变化，能源消费方式也是发生变化。新能源革命发生最上面的是一个电源方面的情况，比如美国的标准，到2020年美国是25%，英国是30%，中国的目标也是非常宏大的，大家觉得在传统的经济里面已经达到了一个极限，现在城市人口平均每个人平均两亿吨的钢，在美国产量最大的时候也就是这么大，所以从现在来看我们钢铁的产能已经是过剩的了，但是在新能源方面它的发展速度是非常大的，比如太阳能我们基本上是从零起步，风能的增速也是非常快的，这些行业我们认为是高成长的企业，你就传统的经济救起来以后还有一个去库存化的问题，但是新能源经济的话，它的需求是非常大的。
目前太阳能的市场是由西班牙和德国这两个小国家在主导，随着美国、中国、日本对太阳能开始补贴以后，我们认为太阳能以后的最大的市场应该会在这三个国家当中出现，太阳能是零起步，我们觉得它的空间是非常巨大的。
风电的话，中国的发电容量是8亿千万，目前风电是最接近火电成本的，达到0.4到0.6元，我们现在已经是全球第四大的风电装机国，成长的速度也是非常快的，预计很快可以超过美国，成为世界第一大风电装机国。
核电的话，法国、韩国、日本发展的非常快，在这个行业，我们的发展空间也会非常的巨大。电网方面，因为现在白天的负荷和晚上的负荷是不一样的，这样就有一个分部式上网的过程，交互式发电的话，以前你是用电的，但是以后你家里装了太阳能面板，你可以发电，还可以卖给电网，这就是一个交互式的情况。
新能源发电最重要的变革就是新能源汽车，因为汽车行业在全球有8亿部，今年我们中国已经超过美国，成为汽车消费大国，如果按照这个速度发展下去，这个能源是不够用的了，所以这个行业发展越快的话，所以就需要新能源的汽车来解决这个问题，你要买车、用车和资源约束的矛盾，所以必须要解决新能源汽车。对于旧经济而言，是一个衰退的状况，但是对于新经济的话，它的发展和空间都是非常大的。
现在的新能源汽车分为三个增长层次，有汽车、动力电池，还有动力电池材料，这个方面我们认为会发生一场革命，现在新能源产业的核心就是这个电池，风电必须储能，核点不稳定，电网也是这样需要电池，电池是各种新能源储能的工具，所以被称为第四次工业革命
演讲朗诵网很多啊
我的梦想
Students, guests , teachers and Honorable Judges
Good morning !
my great pleasure to share my dream with you today. my dream is to become a teacher....
As the whole world has its boundaries, limits and freedom coexist in our life. I don’t expect complete freedom, which is impossible. I simply have a dream that supports my life.
I dream that one day, I could escape from the deep sea of thick schoolbooks and lead my own life. With my favorite fictions, I lie freely on the green grass, smelling the spring, listening to the wind singing, breathing the fresh and cool air and dissolve my soul in nature at last. Simple and short enjoyment can bring me great satisfaction.
I dream that one day the adults could throw their prejudice of comic and cartoon away. They could keep a lovely heart that can share sorrow and happiness with us while watching cartoon or doing personal things. That’s the real communication of heart to heart.
I have the belief that my dreams should come true. I am looking forward to some day coming when I am like a proud eagle, which flies to the blue and vast sky.
YOUTH Samuel Ullman Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust. Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonder,the unfailing childlike appetite for what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long as you are young. When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at 80.
编辑本段中文版
青春 王佐良译 青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想 象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。 青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。 岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。 无论年届花甲，拟或二八芳龄，心中皆有生命之欢乐，奇迹之诱惑，孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一台天线，只要你从天上人间接受美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量的信号，你就青春永驻，风华常存。 一旦天线下降，锐气便被冰雪覆盖，玩世不恭、自暴自弃油然而生，即使年方二十，实已垂垂老矣；然则只要树起天线，捕捉乐观信号，你就有望在八十高龄告别尘寰时仍觉年轻。 青春 塞缪尔·厄尔曼 人生匆匆，青春不是易逝的一段。青春应是一种永恒的心态。满脸红光，嘴唇红润，腿脚灵活，这些都不是青春的全部。真正的青春啊，它是一种坚强的意志，是一种想象力的高品位，是感情充沛饱满，是生命之泉的清澈常新。 青春意味着勇敢战胜怯懦，青春意味着进取战胜安逸，年月的轮回就一定导致衰老吗？要知道呵，老态龙钟是因为放弃了对真理的追求。 无情岁月的流逝，留下了深深的皱纹，而热忱的丧失，会在深处打下烙印。焦虑、恐惧、自卑，终会使心情沮丧，意志消亡。 60也罢，16也罢，每个人的心田都应保持着不泯的意志，去探索新鲜的事物，去追求人生乐趣。我们的心中都应有座无线电台，只要不断地接受来自人类和上帝的美感、希望、勇气和力量，我们就会永葆青春。倘若你收起天线，使自己的心灵蒙上玩世不恭的霜雪和悲观厌世的冰凌，即使你年方20，你已垂垂老矣；倘若你已经80高龄，临于辞世，若竖起天线去收听乐观进取的电波，你仍会青春焕发。
　　every country has its favourite food. Italians enjoy having pizza. Indians like to eat hot food. Japanese like to eat fish. often they dont cook it.
　　in england,one of he most popular kinds of food is fish and chips.people usually buy it in a fish and chip shop. they put it in paper bags. and take it home, or to their workplace. at times they eat it in the park or on the road,
　　but the world 's favourite food isnt English, Italian, Indian, or Japanese. it seems that American fast food is the most popular in the world. in New York, Moscow, London, and even in some big cities in China, you can find people eat hamburgers and chips.
　　Chinese food is also very popular in the world. in many cities you can find Chinese restaurants. people enjoy Chinese food because it has different tastes and is usually very delicious!
　　每个国家有它们最喜爱的食物，意大利人喜欢吃批萨。印度人喜欢吃辣的食物。日本人喜欢吃鱼。（而且）他们经常不用煮就直接吃。
　　在英国，其中最受欢迎的食物是鱼和鸡肉薄片。人们通常在一间（卖）鱼和鸡肉薄片的店里可以买到它们。他们把它们放在纸袋里，然后拿回家或他们工作的地方（吃）。有时在公园或街道吃
　　但是世界上最受欢迎的食物并不是英国的，意大利的，印度的，甚至日本的。美国的快餐才是世界上最受欢迎的（食物）。在纽约，莫斯科，伦敦 ，甚至在中国一些大城市，你都可以发现人们在吃汉堡包和鸡肉薄片。
　　中国食物在世界上也很受欢迎。你可以发现在许多城市的中国餐厅里，人们喜欢吃中国的食物是因为他们有着不同的味道而且通常很美味！

在线等，lINGO问题

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这里的“DEMEND”改为“DEMAND”,跟上面SETS里的一致起来就行了。