transient immigrants,搜索更多关于唐人街的英语句子
transient immigrants,搜索更多关于唐人街的英语句子详细介绍
本文目录一览： migrant, immigrant 和emigrant 的区别和使用
一、词义：
migrant是移民的统称。
1.migrant
英 ['ma?ɡr?nt] 美 ['ma?ɡr?nt]
例句Migrants to the city send money home to their relatives.
这个城市的移居者把钱寄回家给他们的亲戚。
2、 immigrant
immigrant是由外地移往本地的移民。
英[??m?ɡr?nt] 美[??m?ɡr?nt]
[例句]North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country
北非人构成了该国最大的、也是最贫困的移民群。
3、emigrant
emigrant n. 移居外国的人; 移民;
英[?em?ɡr?nt] 美[?em?ɡr?nt]
[例句]The country was in possession of the bosses and the emigrant and decent people had to fall back on sport or culture.
现在国家掌握在大老板和侨民手里，体面人物不得不退回去搞体育文化。
二、用法：
migrant 主要意思是国内的移居者,在城市之间移居, 一般是指民工。
immigrant 主要是指侨民, 即从外国迁入的移民。
emigrant 主要是指从本国移往他国的移民, 即迁出的移民。
三、词汇搭配：
～+名词
migrant labor（workers） 流动劳工（工人） ；migrant seabirds 迁移的海鸟
形容词+～
illegal immigrant 非法移民
～+介词
immigrants from Europe 来自欧洲的移民
emigrant agent 移民业者
emigrant ship 出境船只
emigrant contract 契约移民
扩展资料：
1、migrant,的同义词：wanderer
migrant＝emigrant＝ immigrant＝wanderer＝settler
1、wanderer
英[?w?nd?r?(r)] 美[?wɑ?nd?r?r]
n. 漂泊者; 漫游者; 流浪者;
[例句]He fell out with his father and became a wanderer.
他和父亲闹翻了，成了一名游子。
2、settler
英[?setl?(r)] 美[?setl?r]
n. 移民; 殖民者;
[例句]The village was founded by settlers from the Volga region.
来自伏尔加地区的移民建起了这个村庄。
migrant是移民的统称。
immigrant是由外地移往本地的移民。
emigrant是由本地移往外地的移民。
migration是移民这个动作/过程的名词。不具体指人。
1.migrant
英 ['ma?ɡr?nt] 美 ['ma?ɡr?nt]
例句
用作名词 (n.)
Migrants to the city send money home to their relatives.
这个城市的移居者把钱寄回家给他们的亲戚。
Virus may travel through migrant, and cause epidemic situation to spread.
病毒可能通过候鸟传播，致使疫情蔓延。
用作形容词 (adj.)
Migrant workers move from city to city in search of work.
流动工人为了寻找工作从一个城市移居到另一个城市。
The army comprised of both the local and migrant soldiers.
军队由地方和移居战士组成。
常见句型
用作名词 (n.)
Summer migrants nest here.
夏天候鸟来这里筑巢。
Migrant workers move from country to country in search of work.
流动工人为寻找工作,从一个国家迁移到另一个国家。
2.immigrant
英 ['?m?ɡr?nt] 美 ['?m?ɡr?nt]
例句
用作名词 (n.)
He admitted that he was an illegal immigrant.
他承认他是非法移民。
California has many immigrants from other states.
加利福尼亚有许多来自其他州的移民。
Immigrant workers were classed as aliens.
移民来的工人已归入侨民类。
His father is of native Indian extraction and his mother an immigrant Italian.
他父亲有印第安土著血统，母亲是意大利侨民。
常见句型
用作名词 (n.)
Canada has many immigrants from Europe.
加拿大有许多欧洲移民。
3.emigrant
英 ['em?ɡr?nt] 美 ['em?ɡr?nt]
例句
用作名词 (n.)
A ship full of emigrants will soon leave for Canada.
一条载满移居外国者的船很快就要开往加拿大了。
They repatriated those illegal emigrants back to Haiti.
他们将这批非法移民遣返海地。
Most emigrants among them are patriots.
他们中大多数侨民是爱国主义者。
The old doctor is an emigrant from Europe.
这位老年医生是个从欧洲移居来的侨民。
用作形容词 (adj.)
They are emigrant labourers.
他们是移居他国的劳工。
migrant, immigrant 和emigrant 的区别和使用
1 相同点, 都有移民,移居者的含义.
2 不同点
migrant 主要意思是国内的移居者,在城市之间移居, 一般是指民工
immigrant 主要是指侨民, 即从外国迁入的移民
emigrant 主要是指从本国移往他国的移民, 即迁出的移民
主要词汇:
1, migrant 英 [?ma?gr?nt] 美 [?ma?ɡr?nt]
n. 候鸟;移居者，移民;随季节迁移的工作者;迁移动物
adj. 移居的;流浪的
例句: The migrant workers are worse off than the average city dwellers.
民工生活苦于一般城里人。
2, immigrant 英 [??m?gr?nt] 美 [??m?ɡr?nt]
n. 移民，侨民;从异地移入的动物[植物]
adj. 移民的，移来的;侨民的
例句: Immigrant tales have always been popular themes in fiction .
移民故事一直是小说中常见的主题。
3, emigrant 英 [?em?gr?nt] 美 [??m?ɡr?nt]
n. （从本国移往他国的）移民
adj. 移居的，移民的，侨居的
例句: They are emigrant labourers.
他们是移居他国的劳工。
一、词义：
migrant是移民的统称。
1.migrant
英 ['ma?ɡr?nt] 美 ['ma?ɡr?nt]
例句Migrants to the city send money home to their relatives.
这个城市的移居者把钱寄回家给他们的亲戚。
2、 immigrant
immigrant是由外地移往本地的移民。
英[??m?ɡr?nt] 美[??m?ɡr?nt]
[例句]North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country
北非人构成了该国最大的、也是最贫困的移民群。
3、emigrant
emigrant n. 移居外国的人; 移民;
英[?em?ɡr?nt] 美[?em?ɡr?nt]
[例句]The country was in possession of the bosses and the emigrant and decent people had to fall back on sport or culture.
现在国家掌握在大老板和侨民手里，体面人物不得不退回去搞体育文化。
二、用法：
migrant 主要意思是国内的移居者,在城市之间移居, 一般是指民工。
immigrant 主要是指侨民, 即从外国迁入的移民。
emigrant 主要是指从本国移往他国的移民, 即迁出的移民。
三、词汇搭配：
～+名词
migrant labor（workers） 流动劳工（工人） ；migrant seabirds 迁移的海鸟
形容词+～
illegal immigrant 非法移民
～+介词
immigrants from Europe 来自欧洲的移民
emigrant agent 移民业者
emigrant ship 出境船只
emigrant contract 契约移民
扩展资料：
1、migrant,的同义词：wanderer
migrant＝emigrant＝ immigrant＝wanderer＝settler
1、wanderer
英[?w?nd?r?(r)] 美[?wɑ?nd?r?r]
n. 漂泊者; 漫游者; 流浪者;
[例句]He fell out with his father and became a wanderer.
他和父亲闹翻了，成了一名游子。
2、settler
英[?setl?(r)] 美[?setl?r]
n. 移民; 殖民者;
[例句]The village was founded by settlers from the Volga region.
来自伏尔加地区的移民建起了这个村庄。
一、词义：
n. (名词)
移居者；候鸟；移民；随季节迁移的民工；迁移动物；迁徙动物；移栖动物；农业季节工人
收起adj. (形容词)
移居的；流浪的；迁移的；迁徙地；移栖的；移动的；漂泊的
n. (名词)
移民；侨民；从异地移入的动物；移入的动植物；迁移者；外侨；收起
adj. (形容词)
移民的；侨民的；迁入地；移来的；移入地；迁移的；移居的
n. (名词)
移民；移出者；侨民；迁徙的动物；移植的植物；流亡者；移居外国的人
adj. (形容词)
移民的；移居（外国）的；侨居地；出境的
二、用法：
migrant 主要意思是国内的移居者,在城市之间移居, 一般是指民工。
immigrant 主要是指侨民, 即从外国迁入的移民。
emigrant 主要是指从本国移往他国的移民, 即迁出的移民。
三、词汇搭配：
～+名词
migrant labor（workers） 流动劳工（工人） ；migrant seabirds 迁移的海鸟
形容词+～
illegal immigrant 非法移民
～+介词
immigrants from Europe 来自欧洲的移民
emigrant agent 移民业者
emigrant ship 出境船只
emigrant contract 契约移民
扩展资料：
一、例句：
Migrants to the city send money home to their relatives.
这个城市的移居者把钱寄回家给他们的亲戚。
Virus may travel through migrant, and cause epidemic situation to spread.
病毒可能通过候鸟传播，致使疫情蔓延。
Migrant workers move from city to city in search of work.
流动工人为了寻找工作从一个城市移居到另一个城市。
二、近义词：
raveling 旅行的 ；wandering 漫游的 ；drifting 弥漫的 ；roving 不固定的
rambling 杂乱无章的 ；meandering 曲径 ；transient 短暂的 ；traveler 旅行者(移式起重机）
nomad 游牧部落一员... ；emigrant 移民 ；roaming 漫游的 ；straying 动词stray的现在进行...
pilgrim 朝圣者 ；migratory 迁移的 ；wanderer 流浪者 ；traveller
旅行者 refugee ；难民 ；immigrant 移民 ；asylum seeker 寻求庇护者 ；travelling
旅行的 nomadic 游牧的 ；seasonal 季节的 ；mobile
移动的 ；migrator 移居者 foreigner 外国人 ;stranger 陌生人 ;settler 移居者... ;migrant 移居者
refugee 难民 ;colonist 殖民地居民 ;colonizer 殖民地开拓者... ;emigrant 移民
pilgrim 朝圣者 ;alien 外侨 expatriate 移居外国者 ；immigrant 移民 ；migrant
移居者 emigre 移居者(尤指因政治因素而... ）；settler 移居者... ；exile
放逐 foreigner 外国人 ；colonist 殖民地居民 ；alien 外侨 ；pilgrim 朝圣者 ；refugee 难民
stranger 陌生人
林肯自由宣言 中英互译
中英文太长
网站自己看：http://www.360doc.com/content/10/1222/23/1247204_80549175.shtml
你要的是这个吗
中文：
在人类事务发展的过程中，当一个民族必须解除同另一个民族的联系，并按照自然法则和上帝的旨意，以独立平等的身份立于世界列国之林时，出于对人类舆论的尊重，必须把驱使他们独立的原因予以宣布。
我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可让与的权利，其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权利，人们才在他们中间建立政府，而政府的正当权利，则是经被统治者同意授予的。任何形式的政府一旦对这些目标的实现起破坏作用时，人民便有权予以更换或废除，以建立一个新的政府。新政府所依据的原则和组织其权利的方式，务使人民认为唯有这样才最有可能使他们获得安全和幸福。若真要审慎的来说，成立多年的政府是不应当由于无关紧要的和一时的原因而予以更换的。过去的一切经验都说明，任何苦难，只要尚能忍受，人类还是情愿忍受，也不想为申冤而废除他们久已习惯了的政府形式。然而，当始终追求同一目标的一系列滥用职权和强取豪夺的行为表明政府企图把人民至于专制暴政之下时，人民就有权也有义务去推翻这样的政府，并为其未来的安全提供新的保障。这就是这些殖民地过去忍受苦难的经过，也是他们现在不得不改变政府制度的原因。当今大不列颠王国的历史，就是屡屡伤害和掠夺这些殖民地的历史，其直接目标就是要在各州之上建立一个独裁暴政。为了证明上述句句属实，现将事实公诸于世，让公正的世人作出评判。
他拒绝批准对公众利益最有益、最必需的法律。
他禁止他的殖民总督批准刻不容缓、极端重要的法律，要不就先行搁置这些法律直至征得他的同意，而这些法律被搁置以后，他又完全置之不理。
他拒绝批准便利大地区人民的其他的法律，除非这些地区的人民情愿放弃自己在自己在立法机构中的代表权；而代表权对人民是无比珍贵的，只有暴君才畏惧它。
他把各州的立法委员召集到一个异乎寻常、极不舒适而有远离他们的档案库的地方去开会，其目的无非是使他们疲惫不堪，被迫就范。
他一再解散各州的众议院，因为后者坚决反对他侵犯人民的权利。
他在解散众议院之后，又长期拒绝另选他人，于是这项不可剥夺的立法权便归由普通人民来行使，致使在这其间各州仍处于外敌入侵和内部骚乱的种种危险之中。
他力图阻止各州增加人口，为此目的，他阻挠外国人入籍法的通过，拒绝批准其他鼓励移民的法律，并提高分配新土地的条件。
他拒绝批准建立司法权利的法律，以阻挠司法的执行。
他迫使法官为了保住任期、薪金的数额和支付而置于他个人意志的支配之下。
他滥设新官署，委派大批官员到这里骚扰我们的人民，吞噬他们的财物。
他在和平时期，未经我们立法机构同意，就在我们中间维持其常备军。
他施加影响，使军队独立于文官政权之外，并凌驾于文官政权之上。
他同他人勾结，把我们置于一种既不符合我们的法规也未经我们法律承认的管辖之下，而且还批准他们炮制的各种伪法案，以便任其在我们中间驻扎大批武装部队；不论这些人对我们各州居民犯下何等严重的谋杀罪，他可用加审判来庇护他们，让他们逍遥法外；他可以切断我们同世界各地的贸易；未经我们同意便向我们强行征税；在许多案件中剥夺我们享有陪审制的权益；以莫须有的罪名把我们押送海外受审；他在一个邻省废除了英国法律的自由制度，在那里建立专制政府，扩大其疆域，使其立即成为一个样板和合适的工具，以便向这里各殖民地推行同样的专制统治；他取消我们的许多特许状，废除我们最珍贵的法律并从根本上改变我们各州政府的形式；他终止我们立法机构行使权力，宣称他们自己拥有在任何情况下为我们制定法律的权力。
他们放弃设在这里的政府，宣称我们已不属他们保护之列，并向我们发动战争。
他在我们的海域里大肆掠夺，蹂躏我们的沿海地区，烧毁我们的城镇，残害我们人民的生命。
他此时正在运送大批外国雇佣兵，来从事其制造死亡、荒凉和暴政的勾当，其残忍与卑劣从一开始就连最野蛮的时代也难以相比，他已完全不配当一个文明国家的元首。
他强迫我们在公海被他们俘虏的同胞拿起武器反对自己的国家，使他们成为残杀自己亲友的刽子手，或使他们死于自己亲友的手下。
他在我们中间煽动内乱，并竭力挑唆残酷无情的印地安蛮子来对付我们边疆的居民，而众所周知，印地安人作战的准则是不分男女老幼、是非曲直，格杀勿论。
在遭受这些压迫的每一阶段，我们都曾以最谦卑的言辞吁请予以纠正。而我们一次又一次的情愿，却只是被报以一次又一次的伤害。
一个君主，其品格被他的每一个只有暴君才干的出的行为所暴露时，就不配君临自由的人民。
我们并不是没有想到我们英国的弟兄。他们的立法机关想把无理的管辖权扩展到我们这里来，我们时常把这个企图通知他们。我们也曾把我们移民来这里和在这里定居的情况告诉他们。我们曾恳求他们天生的正义感和雅量，念在同种同宗的分上，弃绝这些掠夺行为，因为这些掠夺行为难免会使我们之间的关系和来往中断。可他们对这种正义和同宗的呼声也同样充耳不闻。因此，我们不得不宣布脱离他们，以对待世界上其他民族的态度对待他们：同我交战者，就是敌人；同我和好者，即为朋友。
因此我们这些在大陆会议上集会的美利坚合众国的代表们，以各殖民地善良人民的名义，并经他们授权，向世界最高裁判者申诉，说明我们的严重意向，同时郑重宣布：
我们这些联合起来的殖民地现在是，而且按公理也应该是，独立自由的国家；我们对英国王室效忠的全部义务，我们与大不列颠王国之间大不列颠一切政治联系全部断绝，而且必须断绝。
作为一个独立自由的国家，我们完全有权宣战、缔和、结盟、通商和采取独立国家有权采取的一切行动。
我们坚定地信赖神明上帝的保佑，同时以我们的生命、财产和神圣的名誉彼此宣誓来支持这一宣言。
英文：
In the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the contact with another nation, according to the laws of nature and of nature's god entitle them, the separate and equal political identity in the world out of the respect to the opinions of mankind requires drives them that they should declare the causes which independently.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, inalienable are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the right to pursue happiness. That to secure these rights, it was in their midst set up a government, and the government's rights, is by the rulers agree to grant. Any form of government to achieve the goal of once since the damaging effects, the people have the power to change or abolished and to build a new government,. The new government which is the basis of the principle and the organization becomes the way people's rights, so that only the most may enable them to obtain safety and happiness. If true to prudent speaking, that governments long established should not be due to irrelevant and transient causes and replace it. All the past experience suggests that, any bitterness, shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. However, when the same target pursue a long train of abuses and usurpations behavior shows that the government was trying to put the people under as tyranny, the people's right to also have the obligation to throw off such government, and to provide for its future security new safeguards. This is the colonies, the past patient sufferance of, also they now have to change government system reasons. Today's the kingdom of Great Britain's history, is of repeated injuries and usurpations history, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these. To prove this, now will attest facts all over, let a candid world.
He has refused his assent to the most beneficial to public interests most necessary laws. And
He has forbidden his approval of the colonial governor, extreme important legal incumbent aside these laws, or first until with his permission, and these laws were shelved after, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He refused to ratify the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those other legal local people would relinquish the right of representation in the right of representation in the legislature; A right inestimable to them extremely precious, tyrants only.
He put the state lawmakers summoned to unusual, uncomfortable and away from their place to go to the meeting of the archive, its purpose is nothing but make them tired, forced to submit.
He has repeatedly dissolved house, because the latter states firmly opposed to his invasions on the rights of the people.
He has refused for a sin-offering, and long denied after the inalienable, and others, have returned to the legislative power by ordinary people to exercise; the state remaining in the meantime invasion and internal unrest in the many dangers.
He has endeavored to prevent the states, for this purpose, increasing population obstructing the naturalization of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration, refused to ratify the legal, and improve the conditions of new appropriations of lands.
He refused to assent of laws for establishing judiciary powers to block judicial implementation.
He has made judges to tenure, and the amount and payment of their salary on his will alone, under the domination.
He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers to harass delegate of our people, and eat out their substance.
He in peacetime, without our legislature agreed among us, maintain its standing army.
His military influence, independent outside civil regime, and superior to the civil power.
He combined with others, put us in a kind already doesn't accord with our regulations also without our legal recognition of the jurisdiction, and also approved various pseudo bill they processing, so let it among us armed forces stationed large; Whether these people committed to our state residents how serious murder trial, he used to asylum with them, let them now at large; He can cut world trade with us; Without our agreed to give us forcibly taxation; In many cases deprived of the jury system we enjoy rights; The us with false charges of overseas escort trial; He in a neighbouring abolished the British legal system of liberty, where authoritarian governments, establish expanding its territory, make it immediately became a sample and the right tools to implement the colonies to here same autocratic rule; He canceled many of our charter, abolishing our most precious laws and fundamentally alter our state governments form; He terminated our own legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases legal authority.
Abdicated government here, by declaring our has not protected by belongs to them and waging war against us.
He in our seas, ravaged our plundered in the coastal areas and burned our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already its cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous start even compared era, he had to totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
He forced us on the high seas they captured compatriots, took up arms against their country, to become his friends kill their executioner, or make them died of his friends and relatives hands.
His domestic insurrection among us, and press incited the merciless Indian barbarian against the inhabitants of our frontiers, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished regardless of men, women and children, sexes, and conditions.
In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned in the most humble terms appealed to rectify. And time and time again, we willing, but only by repeated again and again and damage.
A prince, whose character is thus marked by every only tyrant talents have exposed the behavior, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
Nor have we been wanting in attentions to our British brethren. Their legislature to unwarrantable jurisdiction extended to us here, we often put this attempt to notify them. We have put our immigrants come here and settled here told them. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and read in the same kindred, rejected the points these usurpations, which would inevitably these usurpations would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. But this kind of justice they and of consanguinity also deaf. Therefore, we have to declare from their world, to treat other nationalities attitude towards their battle with me who: is the enemy; With my friend, namely for discriminating and.
So we these in mainland meeting of the United States of America's rally in the colonies delegates, in the name of the kind people, and by their authorized to the world's tallest judge, that our serious allegations, intent, solemnly publish and declare:
We these united colonies are, and, according to justice should also be independent and free country; We all allegiance to the British royal family obligations between us and the kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain all political contact all cut off, and must cut off.
As an independent free country, we are fully entitled to a declaration of war, and the association, alliance, and trade and the right to an independent state of all actions taken.
We firmly trust the protection of divine providence, at the same time in our life, property and the reputation of their sacred oath to support this declaration.
搜索更多关于唐人街的英语句子
New York City’s Chinatown, the largest Chinatown in the United States— and the site of the largest concentration of Chinese in the western hemisphere—is located on the lower east side of Manhattan. Its two square miles are loosely bounded by Kenmore and Delancey streets on the north, East and Worth streets on the south, Allen street on the east, and Broadway on the west. With a population estimated between 70,000 and 150,000, Chinatown is the favored destination point for Chinese immigrants, though in recent years the neighborhood has also become home to Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, Burmese, Vietnamese, and Filipinos among others.
Chinatown is born
Chinese traders and sailors began trickling into the United States in the mid eighteenth century; while this population was largely transient, small numbers stayed in New York and married. Beginning in the mid nineteenth century, Chinese arrived in significant numbers, lured to the Pacific coast of the United States by the stories of “Gold Mountain” — California — during the gold rush of the 1840s and 1850s and brought by labor brokers to build the Central Pacific Railroad. Most arrived expecting to spend a few years working, thus earning enough money to return to China, build a house and marry.
As the gold mines began yielding less and the railroad neared completion, the broad availability of cheap and willing Chinese labor in such industries as cigar-rolling and textiles became a source of tension for white laborers, who thought that the Chinese were coming to take their jobs and threaten their livelihoods. Mob violence and rampant discrimination in the west drove the Chinese east into larger cities, where job opportunities were more open and they could more easily blend into the already diverse population. By 1880, the burgeoning enclave in the Five Points on the south east side of New York was home to between 200 and 1,100 Chinese. A few members of a group of Chinese illegally smuggled into New Jersey in the late 1870s to work in a hand laundry soon made the move to New York, sparking an explosion of Chinese hand laundries.
Living arrangements
From the start, Chinese immigrants tended to clump together as a result of both racial discrimination, which dictated safety in numbers, and self-segregation. Unlike many ethnic ghettos of immigrants, Chinatown was largely self-supporting, with an internal structure of governing associations and businesses which supplied jobs, economic aid, social service, and protection. Rather than disintegrating as immigrants assimilated and moved out and up, Chinatown continued to grow through the end of the nineteenth century, providing contacts and living arrangements — usually 5-15 people in a two room apartment subdivided into segments — for the recent immigrants who continued to trickle in despite the enactment of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Immigration and Chinatown
The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882-1943), to date the only non-wartime federal law which excluded a people based on nationality, was a reaction to rising anti-Chinese sentiment. This resentment was largely a result of the willingness of the Chinese to work for far less money under far worse conditions than the white laborers and the unwillingness to "assimilate properly". The law forbids naturalization by any Chinese already in the United States; bars the immigration of any Chinese not given a special work permit deeming him merchant, student, or diplomat; and, most horribly, prohibits the immigration of the wives and children of Chinese laborers living in the United States. The Exclusion Act grew more and more restrictive over the following decades, and was finally lifted during World War II, only when such a racist law against a wartime ally became an untenable option.
“The Bachelor’s Society”
The already imbalanced male-female ratio in Chinatown was radically worsened by the Exclusion Act and in 1900 there were only 40-150 women for the upwards of 7,000 Chinese living in Manhattan. This altered and unnatural social landscape in Chinatown led to its role as the “Bachelor’s Society" with rumors of opium dens, prostitution and slave girls deepening the white antagonism toward the Chinese. In keeping with Chinese tradition — and in the face of sanctioned USA government and individual hostility — the Chinese of Chinatown formed their own associations and societies to protect their own interests. An underground economy allowed undocumented laborers to work illegally without leaving the few blocks they called home.
An internal political structure comprised of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association and various tongs, or fraternal organizations, managed the opening of businesses, made funeral arrangements, and mediated disputes, among other responsibilities. The CCBA, an umbrella organization which drafted its own constitution, imposed taxes on all New York Chinese, and ruled Chinatown throughout the early and mid twentieth century, represented the elite of Chinatown; the tongs formed protective and social associations for the less wealthy. The On Leong and Hip Sing tongs warred periodically through the early 1900s, waging bloody battles that left both tourists and residents afraid to walk the streets of Chinatown.
Growth in Chinatown
When the Exclusion Act was finally lifted in 1943, China was given a small immigration quota, and the community continued to grow, expanding slowly throughout the ‘40s and ‘50s. The garment industry, the hand-laundry business, and restaurants continued to employ Chinese internally, paying less than minimum wage under the table to thousands. Despite the view of the Chinese as members of a “model minority,” Chinatown’s Chinese came largely from the mainland, and were viewed as the “downtown Chinese," as opposed the Taiwan-educated “uptown Chinese,” members of the Chinese elite.
When the quota was raised in 1968, Chinese flooded into the country from the mainland, and Chinatown’s population exploded, expanding into Little Italy, often buying buildings with cash and turning them into garment factories or office buildings. Although many of the buildings in Chinatown are tenements from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the rents in Chinatown are some of the highest in the city, competing with the Upper West Side and midtown. Foreign investment from Hong Kong has poured capital into Chinatown, and the little space there is a precious commodity.
Chinatown Today
Today’s Chinatown is a tightly-packed yet sprawling neighborhood which to grow rapidly despite the satellite Chinese communities flourishing in Queens. Both a tourist attraction and the home of the majority of Chinese New Yorkers, Chinatown offers visitor and resident alike hundreds of restaurants, booming fruit and fish markets and shops of knickknacks and sweets on torturously winding and overcrowded streets.
求介绍唐人街的资料,想要英文的
The History of New York's Chinatown
Written by Sarah Waxma
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
New York City’s Chinatown, the largest Chinatown in the United States—and the site of the largest concentration of Chinese in the western hemisphere—is located on the lower east side of Manhattan. Its two square miles are loosely bounded by Kenmore and Delancey streets on the north, East and Worth streets on the south, Allen street on the east, and Broadway on the west. With a population estimated between 70,000 and 150,000, Chinatown is the favored destination point for Chinese immigrants, though in recent years the neighborhood has also become home to Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, Burmese, Vietnamese, and Filipinos among others.
Chinatown is born
Chinese traders and sailors began trickling into the United States in the mid eighteenth century; while this population was largely transient, small numbers stayed in New York and married. Beginning in the mid nineteenth century, Chinese arrived in significant numbers, lured to the Pacific coast of the United States by the stories of “Gold Mountain” — California — during the gold rush of the 1840s and 1850s and brought by labor brokers to build the Central Pacific Railroad. Most arrived expecting to spend a few years working, thus earning enough money to return to China, build a house and marry.
As the gold mines began yielding less and the railroad neared completion, the broad availability of cheap and willing Chinese labor in such industries as cigar-rolling and textiles became a source of tension for white laborers, who thought that the Chinese were coming to take their jobs and threaten their livelihoods. Mob violence and rampant discrimination in the west drove the Chinese east into larger cities, where job opportunities were more open and they could more easily blend into the already diverse population. By 1880, the burgeoning enclave in the Five Points slums on the south east side of New York was home to between 200 and 1,100 Chinese. A few members of a group of Chinese illegally smuggled into New Jersey in the late 1870s to work in a hand laundry soon made the move to New York, sparking an explosion of Chinese hand laundries.
Living arrangements
From the start, Chinese immigrants tended to clump together as a result of both racial discrimination, which dictated safety in numbers, and self-segregation. Unlike many ethnic ghettos of immigrants, Chinatown was largely self-supporting, with an internal structure of governing associations and businesses which supplied jobs, economic aid, social service, and protection. Rather than disintegrating as immigrants assimilated and moved out and up, Chinatown continued to grow through the end of the nineteenth century, providing contacts and living arrangements — usually 5-15 people in a two room apartment subdivided into segments — for the recent immigrants who continued to trickle in despite the enactment of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Immigration and Chinatown
The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882-1943), to date the only non-wartime federal law which excluded a people based on nationality, was a reaction to rising anti-Chinese sentiment. This resentment was largely a result of the willingness of the Chinese to work for far less money under far worse conditions than the white laborers and the unwillingness to "assimilate properly". The law forbids naturalization by any Chinese already in the United States; bars the immigration of any Chinese not given a special work permit deeming him merchant, student, or diplomat; and, most horribly, prohibits the immigration of the wives and children of Chinese laborers living in the United States. The Exclusion Act grew more and more restrictive over the following decades, and was finally lifted during World War II, only when such a racist law against a wartime ally became an untenable option.
“The Bachelor’s Society”
The already imbalanced male-female ratio in Chinatown was radically worsened by the Exclusion Act and in 1900 there were only 40-150 women for the upwards of 7,000 Chinese living in Manhattan. This altered and unnatural social landscape in Chinatown led to its role as the “Bachelor’s Society" with rumors of opium dens, prostitution and slave girls deepening the white antagonism toward the Chinese. In keeping with Chinese tradition — and in the face of sanctioned U.S. government and individual hostility — the Chinese of Chinatown formed their own associations and societies to protect their own interests. An underground economy allowed undocumented laborers to work illegally without leaving the few blocks they called home.
An internal political structure comprised of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association and various tongs, or fraternal organizations, managed the opening of businesses, made funeral arrangements, and mediated disputes, among other responsibilities. The CCBA, an umbrella organization which drafted its own constitution, imposed taxes on all New York Chinese, and ruled Chinatown throughout the early and mid twentieth century, represented the elite of Chinatown; the tongs formed protective and social associations for the less wealthy. The On Leong and Hip Sing tongs warred periodically through the early 1900s, waging bloody battles that left both tourists and residents afraid to walk the streets of Chinatown.
Growth in Chinatown
When the Exclusion Act was finally lifted in 1943, China was given a small immigration quota, and the community continued to grow, expanding slowly throughout the ‘40s and ‘50s. The garment industry, the hand-laundry business, and restaurants continued to employ Chinese internally, paying less than minimum wage under the table to thousands. Despite the view of the Chinese as members of a “model minority,” Chinatown’s Chinese came largely from the mainland, and were viewed as the “downtown Chinese," as opposed the Taiwan-educated “uptown Chinese,” members of the Chinese elite.
When the quota was raised in 1968, Chinese flooded into the country from the mainland, and Chinatown’s population exploded, expanding into Little Italy, often buying buildings with cash and turning them into garment factories or office buildings. Although many of the buildings in Chinatown are tenements from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the rents in Chinatown are some of the highest in the city, competing with the Upper West Side and midtown. Foreign investment from Hong Kong has poured capital into Chinatown, and the little space there is a precious commodity.
Chinatown Today
Today’s Chinatown is a tightly-packed yet sprawling neighborhood which continues to grow rapidly despite the satellite Chinese communities flourishing in Queens. Both a tourist attraction and the home of the majority of Chinese New Yorkers, Chinatown offers visitor and resident alike hundreds of restaurants, booming fruit and fish markets and shops of knickknacks and sweets on torturously winding and overcrowded streets.
上海外语教育出版社(王守仁 姚媛 编的)泛读教程4课后习题答案 急需
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Key to Exercises of Reading Course (Book 4)
Unit 1 Language Testing
Section A
Word Pretest
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.C
Reading Comprehension
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. works his fingers to the bone 2. burns the midnight oil
3. falls down on the job 4. hits the books
5. does back-breaking work 6. works like a dog
General Vocabulary Exercise
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.B
16.D 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.A
Analogies
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.A
Cloze
its progress leaving one
refer both which with
leads that since made
Section B
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.B
Section C
1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T
Unit 2 Exploration
Section A
Word Pretest
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.A
Reading Comprehension
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B
Vocabulary Building
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Idioms
1. has a green thumb 2. is a breeze
3. has two left feet 4. has a golden touch
5. has a nose for 6. is easy as pie
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. illegality 2. ambitiously 3. discriminative 4. persistent 5. resistance
6. Contamination 7. invalid 8. fantastically 9. specifically 10. have amused
11. magical 12. ignorant 13. survive 14. explored 15. intimidate
16. bulky 17. pilgrimage 18. galaxy 19. transformation 20. alienated
Analogies
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.B
Cloze
until Most reached from
ice combined and deep
over includes in
Section B
1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.B
Section C
1.T 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.T 10.T 11.T 12.T
Unit 3 Refugee
Section A
Word Pretest
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C
Reading Comprehension
1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.C
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. down to earth 2. putting on airs
3. is showing off 4. thinks he is God’s gift to mankind
5. put… in their place 6. blowing his own horn
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.A
16.C 17.A 18.A 19.D 20.D
Analogies
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1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.D
Cloze
most take grow costing protecting
middle found affected for powerless
Section B
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.T 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B
Section C
1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.T
Unit 4 Cigarettes
Section A
Word Pretest
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.C
Reading Comprehension
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. held his tongue 2.see eye to eye
3. mind his own business 4. rocked the boat
5. buried the hatchet 6. flowed with the tide
7. button her lips 8. let sleeping dogs life
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. retaliatory 2. rudimental 3. presumptuous 4. perplexed 5. averted
6. conjecture 7. satirist 8. boisterously 9. abundance 10. improvised
11. various 12. intention 13. proposed 14. original 15. created
16. advocating 17. trendy 18. promising 19. consultation 20. gracious
Analogies
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C
Cloze
against increased in warnings Moreover
smoking observance around bring consumption
Section B
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.F 8.T 9.B 10.C 11.A 12.C
Section C
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1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.C
Unit 5 Globalization
Section A
Word Pretest
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B
Reading Comprehension
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. left us high and dry 2. faces up to 3. passes the buck
4. will shoulder the responsibility 5. worm out of 6. points his finger at
General Vocabulary Exercise
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.C
14.C 15.A 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.B
Analogies
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.A
Cloze
English information trouble rising
grave survival promotes proclaimed
benefits exceptions accompanied stems
Section B
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.T 12.F 13.T
Section C
1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.T
Unit 6 Immigrants
Section A
Word Pretest
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B
Reading Comprehension
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.B
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. find middle ground 2. all or nothing
----------------------- Page 5-----------------------
3. meet people halfway 4. sticks to her guns
5. middle-of-the-road 6. give-and-take
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. frustrating 2. exaggeration 3. inspiring 4. industrious 5. conversed
6. comfortably 7. inappropriate 8. Distinguished 9. traditional 10. descriptively
11. tyrant 12. uncertainty 13. persecuted 14. pursues 15. hostile
16. flight 17. labor 18. chaos 19. exceptional 20. strengthen
Analogies
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C
Cloze
suffered freedom leave aboard
journey elected faced experience
without until including help
plant celebrate
Section B
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C
Section C
1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.T
Unit 7 Ecology
Section A
Word Pretest
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.B
Reading Comprehension
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. give up 2. go through with 3. hang in there 4. stick with 5. sweat …out
General Vocabulary Exercise
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.C
16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.A
Analogies
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C
Cloze
----------------------- Page 6-----------------------
branch made more on
problem less realize ecology
natural without strict results
Section B
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.F 5.T 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.B
Section C
1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.T 10.F
Unit 8 Holocaust
Section A
Word Pretest
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B
Reading Comprehension
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. is on her own 2. is a copycat
3. lead her by the nose 4. cut the apron strings
5. is a yes-man 6. has a mind of her own
7. stand on his own two feet
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. aggravated 2. resolve 3. method/methodology 4. admonishments/admonitions
5. clinic 6.congenial 7. acute 8. derision
9. dramatic 10. implement 11. artistic 12. marked/ remarkable
13. terrorized 14. mentality 15. diverted 16. monstrous
17 perceptions 18. extremity 19. spontaneous 20. dictated
Analogies
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.C
Cloze
which by attached in
but as regarded be
legendary rooted moved known
Section B
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A
Section C
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1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.F 10.F
Unit 9 Diplomatic Practice
Section A
Word Pretest
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.B
Reading Comprehension
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. was as tough as nails 2. went to pieces
3. keep your chin up 4. hold his head up
5. was cool as a cucumber 6. fell apart
7. pulled herself together
General Vocabulary Exercise
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.B 7. B 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.C
16.B 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.D
Analogies
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.D
Cloze
There within law under also
examples which for used
Section B
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F 9.C 10.A 11.F 12.T 13.T
Unit 10 Christianity
Section A
Word Pretest
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B
Reading Comprehension
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C
Vocabulary Building
Idioms
1. reached the boiling point 2. blew up
3. gritted his teeth 4. held her temper
5. was hot-headed 6. counted to ten
----------------------- Page 8-----------------------
General Vocabulary Exercise
1. transient 2. partial 3. vaguely 4. picturesque
5. humbleness 6. consolation 7. showy 8. casually
9. province 10. meek 11. authorizes 12. weakened
13. resentful 14. confession 15. criticism 16. guidance
17. reliance 18. obedience 19. characterized
Analogies
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.C
Cloze
associated work Protestant brought
distinction with colonies root
at called merged denomination
Section B
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.T 10.T 11.F 12.C 13.C 14.A
Section C
1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.T